Validation of a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model for a Novel Residence Time Distribution Analysis in Mixing at Cross-Junctions

Cervantes, Daniel Hernández; Delgado-Galván, Xitlali; Nava, José L.; Jiménez, Petra Amparo López; Rosales, Mario; Rodríguez, José de Jesús Mora

doi:10.3390/w10060733

Cited by 7 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 30 publications

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“…Computational fluid dynamics considering chemical reactions in water supply systems has remained in its early stage due to challenges associated with validating and accurately defining unsteady flow rates and multi-phase flow conditions [24]. Nevertheless, CFD is considered an effective tool for modeling chlorine distribution through a system and its use is of interest [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Chlorine-Dynamics Modeling of In-Situ Chlorination Systems for Cooling Systems

Lee

Fikri

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Chlorination is the preferred method to control biofouling in a power plant cooling system due to its comparative effectiveness and low cost. If a power plant is located in a coastal area, chlorine can be electrochemically generated in-situ using seawater, which is called in-situ electro-chlorination; this approach has several advantages including fewer harmful chlorination byproducts and no need for chlorine storage. Nonetheless, this electrochemical process is still in its infancy in practice. In this study, a parallel first-order kinetics was applied to simulate chlorine decay in a pilot-scale cooling system. Since the decay occurs along the water-intake pipe, the kinetics was incorporated into computational fluid dynamics (CFD) codes, which were subsequently applied to simulate chlorine behavior in the pipe. The experiment and the simulation data indicated that chlorine concentrations along the pipe wall were incremental, even under the condition where a strong turbulent flow was formed. The fact that chlorine remained much more concentrated along the pipe surface than in the middle allowed for the reduction of the overall chlorine demand of the system based on the electro-chlorination. The cooling system, with an in-situ electro-chlorination, consumed only 1/3 of the chlorine dose demanded by the direct injection method. Therefore, it was concluded that in-situ electro-chlorination could serve as a cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach for biofouling control at power plants on coastal areas.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Chlorine-Dynamics Modeling of In-Situ Chlorination Systems for Cooling Systems

Lee

Fikri

et al. 2020

Applied Sciences

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Modeling the Mixing Phenomenon in Water Distribution Networks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Yousefian

Duchesne

2022

J. Water Resour. Plann. Manage.

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Improving incomplete mixing modeling for junctions of water distribution networks

Yousefian,

Duchesne

2024

Journal of Hydroinformatics

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Most of the existing water quality models for water distribution networks assume complete mixing at junctions. Albeit few models offer the possibility to consider incomplete mixing (IM) at junctions, most of them were developed under laboratory conditions and for equal pipe size junctions. In real-world distribution networks, however, cross junctions of 150 × 100 × 150 × 100 mm or 100 × 150 × 150 × 150 mm are common, yet no model has been developed for these configurations. This paper presents a new equation to compute concentrations in cross junction outlets while considering IM for six cross junction configurations, including unequal pipe sizes and 150 mm pipes. For each cross junction configuration, mixing was studied under 25 flow scenarios in the laboratory and 40 simulated flow scenarios using OpenFOAM software. Two new flow rate ratios were selected as independent variables to compute different outlet concentrations. For two specific cross junctions with equal pipe sizes, the root-mean-squared error between the observed and simulated concentrations of the newly developed model was 0.02, while it was 0.05 and 0.07, respectively, for the AZRED IM model and the analytical IM model by Shao et al. (2014)).

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Validation of a Computational Fluid Dynamics Model for a Novel Residence Time Distribution Analysis in Mixing at Cross-Junctions

Cited by 7 publications

References 30 publications

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Chlorine-Dynamics Modeling of In-Situ Chlorination Systems for Cooling Systems

Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics in Chlorine-Dynamics Modeling of In-Situ Chlorination Systems for Cooling Systems

Modeling the Mixing Phenomenon in Water Distribution Networks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Improving incomplete mixing modeling for junctions of water distribution networks

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