Validated Assessment Scales for the Upper Face

Flynn, Timothy C.; Carruthers, Alastair; Carruthers, Jean; Geister, Thorin L.; Görtelmeyer, Roman; Hardas, Bhushan; Himmrich, Silvia; Kerscher, Martina; Maio, Maurício de; Mohrmann, Cornelia; Narins, Rhoda S.; Pooth, Rainer; Rzany, Berthold; Sattler, Gerhard; Buchner, Larry; Benter, Ursula; Fey, Constanze; Jones, Derek

doi:10.1111/j.1524-4725.2011.02248.x

Cited by 113 publications

(129 citation statements)

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“…As a result of the continuous movement of the face and the continuation of the process of aging, temporary wrinkles and contour alterations may become permanent (Dayan & Bassichis, 2008;Hamilton, 2009;Redborn et al, 2011;Flynn et al, 2012;Narins et al, 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite synthetic hydroxyapatite 30%, in two physical states, as dermal filler

et al. 2013

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RESUMO Compósito de hidroxiapatita sintética 30%, em dois estados físicos, como preenchedor de relevo cutâneoObjetivou-se avaliar a resposta tecidual, após implantação de hidroxiapatita sintética 30% (HAP-91 ® ), em dois estados físicos, para preenchimento cutâneo. Foram utilizados 18 coelhos da raça Nova Zelândia, distribuídos aleatoriamente em dois grupos ® fluida e viscosa) e, posteriormente, divididos em três subgrupos, de acordo com o período pós-implante, em oito, 21 e 49 dias. Em cada grupo foi implantado 1,0 mL de HAP-91 ® , fluida ou viscosa, no tecido subcutâneo, 1 cm cranial à crista da escápula direita. Foi realizada a mensuração da espessura cutânea, imediatamente antes e durante 15 dias após a implantação do compósito. Avaliações de sensibilidade dolorosa foram realizadas, atribuindo-se os escores: 0 -quando o animal permitiu o toque e não manifestou reação; 1 -quando permitiu o toque, mas manifestou reação de dor, como aumento da frequência respiratória ou tentativa de fuga; 2 -quando não permitiu o toque. Aos oito, 21 e 49 dias, foi realizada a biópsia da região implantada. Não foi observada diferença entre a espessura cutânea dos animais (p > 0,05) e todos os animais receberam escore 0 para sensibilidade dolorosa. Na análise histológica, não foi notado processo inflamatório evidente. Houve predomínio de células mononucleares, nas amostras de oito dias, e uma organização tecidual ao redor do biomaterial, com tendência ao encapsulamento. A HAP-91 ® , tanto fluida quanto viscosa, é biocompatível e indicada para o preenchimento cutâneo.Palavras-chave: implante cutâneo, compósito, medicina estética. The aim of this study was to evaluate the response to the implantation of synthetic hydroxyapatite 30% (HAP-91 ® ) in different physical states as dermal filler. Eighteen New Zealand rabbits were used, distributed randomly into two equal groups and then divided into three groups according to the postoperative period at 8, 21 and 49 days. One mL of HAP-91 ® , fluid and viscous, was implanted in the subcutaneous tissue, 1 cm proximal to the cranial crest of the right scapula. The thickness of the skin was measured before and after implantation and for the following 15 days. Pain sensitivity assessment was conducted, assigning the following scores: 0 -when the animal allowed the touch of the implant area and expressed no signs of pain; 1 -when the animal allowed the touch, but pain reaction occurred, like increase of the respiratory rate or attempt to escape; 2 -when the animal did not allow the touch to the implanted area. At 8, 21 and 49 days, biopsy of the implanted area was performed. No difference was observed between the thickness of the skin (p>0.05) and all animals received a score 0 for soreness. Histological analysis did not reveal any obvious inflammatory process, showing a predominance of mononuclear cells in samples of eight days and tissue organization around the biomaterial with a tendency to encapsulation. The results indicate that HAP-91 ® , both viscous and fluid, is biocompatible...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composite synthetic hydroxyapatite 30%, in two physical states, as dermal filler

et al. 2013

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“…The attending physician assessed the improvement to the GFLs (at rest and dynamic [with expression]) using the Merz scale (12,13) to rate the severity of the wrinkle lines on the features of the patients (Fig. 2).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy and patient satisfaction with incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of glabellar frown lines

Lim¹,

Loh²,

Soh³

et al. 2017

smedj

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RESULTS Most (76.5%) patients were women. The mean age of the patients was 46.9 ± 10.0 years. Mean severities (on the Merz scale) for at-rest and dynamic (with expression) GFLs at baseline were 1.3 ± 1.10 and 3.4 ± 0.38, respectively, and decreased on Day 14 (p < 0.05). Treatment response rates (> 1-point improvement) for at-rest and dynamic (with expression) GFLs on Day 4 were 40% and 100%, respectively. All patients reported being satisfied or very satisfied, and 64.3%-71.4% indicated that their facial wrinkles had improved on Day 2.CONCLUSION IncobotulinumtoxinA was fast acting with visible improvements by Day 4 and all patients expressed satisfaction with their treatment after two days. GFLs saw the most improvement among the facial characteristics measured.

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“…Using the descriptions previously noted in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System and a series of photo numerical scales rated from 0-4 that had been previously validated [4][5][6][7], points were assigned to each stage (Table 1). For example, the patient who falls into a stage I would only have slight adiposity, usually seen in the jowl and submandibular regions.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other systems have been designed as scales to measure the aging face and the response to non-invasive cosmetic procedures such as filler injections and neuromodulators. Five-point photo numeric scales to assess brow position [3,4], forehead wrinkles [3,4], melolabial folds [3,5], marionette lines [3,5], jowls [5], and neck [6] have been developed and validated. Although not necessarily designed for preoperative surgical evaluation, these validated scales assess many of the same components as the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System.…”

Section: +mentioning

confidence: 99%

Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

McCollough¹

2016

OHNS

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Validated Assessment Scales for the Upper Face

Abstract: Except for brow positioning, the upper face rating scales are reliable tools for valid and reproducible assessment of the aging process.

Cited by 113 publications

References 37 publications

Composite synthetic hydroxyapatite 30%, in two physical states, as dermal filler

Composite synthetic hydroxyapatite 30%, in two physical states, as dermal filler

Efficacy and patient satisfaction with incobotulinumtoxinA for the treatment of glabellar frown lines

Establishing Objectivity in the McCollough Facial Rejuvenation System

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