UV induced degradation of herbicide 2,4-D: kinetics, mechanism and effect of various conditions on the degradation

Kundu, Subrata; Pal, Anjali; Dikshit, Anil Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.seppur.2004.12.008

Cited by 70 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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Section: Effect Of Light Intensity and Irradiation Timementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The photodegradation of 2,4-D is increased with increasing the light intensity from 100 to 600 Lux. In many literature studies, it has been shown that the dye decolorization initially increases as the light intensity is increased [70].The reaction rate decreases with irradiation time as it follows the pseudo first-order kinetics and additionally a competition for degradation may occur between the reactant and the intermediate products. The slow kinetics of dye degradation after certain time limit is mainly attributed to the difficulty in the reaction of short chain aliphatics with •OH radicals, and the short lifetime of photocatalyst because of active sites deactivation by strong by-products deposition [71].…”

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A Review on the Factors Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Materials

Kumar

Gajanan

ey³

2017

MSEIJ

208

124

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The oxidation rates and efficiency of the photocatalytic system are highly dependent on a number of operational parameters that govern the photodegradation of the organic molecule. Several study have been reported the significance of operational parameter. The photodegradation depends on the some basic parameters which are concentration of substrate, amount of photocatalyst, pH of the solution, temperature of reaction medium, time of irradiation of light, the intensity of light, surface area of photocatalyst, dissolve oxygen in the reaction medium, nature of the photocatalyst, nature of the substrate, doping of metal ions and non metal and structure of photocatalyst and substrate. The photodegradation of organic compound have been studied by the several scientists and conclude the optimum conditions for the photodegradation of organic compound.The photodegradation of organic compounds was found maximum at low concentration of organic substrate with optimum amount of photocatalyst. The pH of the solution is also affect the photodegradation of organic substrate. The Titania show the maximum adsorption at low pH hence the photodegradation also found maximum at low pH. The surface area is the crucial factor for the photodegradation of organic substrate. If we are increasing the surface area of photocatalyst, the photodegradation of organic substrate increase. This is because that the number of active site increased with increasing the surface area. The amount of photocatalyst is the primary requirement of any photocatalysis process. The amount of photocatalyst should be optimum, if we take the high amount of photocatalyst the photodegradation is decreased, if we take the low amount of photocatalyst the photodegradation also decreased. The doping of metal ions and non-metal ions affect the photodegradation of organic substrate. Therefore, we have to use the metal ions which increased the positive charge on the surface of photocatalyst. The temperature and irradiation of light also affect the photodegradation of organic substrate. For the maximum photodegradation, the photocatalytic reaction should perform at room temperature not greater than 80 °C. The light of irradiation should be used which exit the electron easily from valence band to conduction band or equal to band gap energy. Keywords: A Review on the Factors Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Materials 2/10Copyright: ©2017 Kumar et al. for the removal of pollutants at high concentrations. The biological treatments are very slow, dispose large amount of sludge and required strict control of proper pH and temperature [21]. In this regard photo catalytic processes have advantages for the removal of pollutants even at low concentration for industrial waste water [22]. Moreover in photo oxidation, complete oxidation of organic pollutants take place within few hours, even at ppb level, without formation of secondary hazardous products using highly active and cheap catalysts which can be used in specially design reactor systems [23].Ti...

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Section: Effect Of Light Intensity and Irradiation Timementioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Factors Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Materials

Kumar

Gajanan

ey³

2017

MSEIJ

208

124

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“…This order was indicated to be related to hydroxyl radials generated and the solubility of pyridaben in various cases. Kundu et al (2005) studied the effects of various solvents on the photodegradation of 2,4-dichlororphenoxy acetic acid in 10% aqueous methanol and 10% aqueous acetonitrile. The photodegradation was also studied in two different micellar environments: aqueous 10 À2 M Cetyltrimethyl ammonium chloride (CTAC) micelle (cationic) and aqueous sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) anionic micelle (10 À2 M).…”

Section: Interfering Substancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of parameters on the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenolic contaminants in wastewater: A short review

Ahmed

Rasul

Brown

et al. 2011

Journal of Environmental Management

737

316

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In recent years, the application of heterogeneous photocatalytic water purification processes has gained wide attention due to its effectiveness in degrading and mineralizing the recalcitrant organic compounds as well as the possibility of utilizing the solar UV and visible-light spectrum. This paper aims to review and summarize the recent works on the titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) photocatalytic oxidation of pesticides and phenolic compounds, predominant in storm and wastewater effluents. The effects of various operating parameters on the photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenols are discussed. Results reported here suggest that the photocatalytic degradation of organic compounds depends on the type and composition of the photocatalyst and, light intensity, initial substrate concentration, amount of catalyst, pH of the reaction medium, ionic components in water, solvent types, oxidizing agents/electron acceptors, catalyst application mode, and calcination temperature in the water environment. A substantial amount of research has focused on the enhancement of TiO(2) photocatalysis by modification with metal, non-metal and ion doping. Recent developments in TiO(2) photocatalysis for the degradation of various pesticides and phenols are also highlighted in this review. It is evident from the literature survey that photocatalysis has good potential to remove a variety of organic pollutants. However, there is still a need to determine the practical utility of this technique on a commercial scale.

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“…Even after a long period of disuse, considerable amounts of either 2,4-D or its main product of degradation, 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCF) (1), might be found in surface waters, and groundwater as well. Therefore, the development of an efficient degradation process for this herbicide is extremely relevant and necessary (10). The efficiency of the degradation methodology can be monitored and easily determined by using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), since this technique allows the determination of the amount of herbicide and its metabolites in the samples (2).…”

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confidence: 99%

Degradation of 2,4-D herbicide by microorganisms isolated from Brazilian contaminated soil

Silva¹,

Stets²,

Mazzetto³

et al. 2007

Braz. J. Microbiol.

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UV induced degradation of herbicide 2,4-D: kinetics, mechanism and effect of various conditions on the degradation

Cited by 70 publications

References 24 publications

A Review on the Factors Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Materials

A Review on the Factors Affecting the Photocatalytic Degradation of Hazardous Materials

Influence of parameters on the heterogeneous photocatalytic degradation of pesticides and phenolic contaminants in wastewater: A short review

Degradation of 2,4-D herbicide by microorganisms isolated from Brazilian contaminated soil

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