Utilization pattern and associated factors of maternal health care services in Haryana, India: a study based on district level household survey data

Abstract

Background: Maternal health was one of the most important millennium development goals (MDGs), India didn’t achieve by the year 2015. Since, India is a multicultural, social and multiregional country, where some of the regions have good social and demographic achievement while some are poor. Haryana is one of them, which has 146 maternal mortality ratio. The level of receiving antenatal care (ANC) in Haryana is quite low as compared to other states of India. Objective of present study was to Understand the extent of use of maternal health care services in Haryana as well as examining the role of antenatal care and other socio-economic factors on the utilization of maternal health services.Methods: Bivariate analysis, chi-square test, and binary logistic regression have been used based on district level household and facility survey-4 data.Results: The utilization of ANC (any and full), institutional delivery and post-delivery treatment seeking varies among women by literacy, age at first marriage, age at women and place of residence. Literate women are two times more likely to access ANC [odds ratio (OR)=1.97 (any ANC), 1.95 (full ANC), p<0.01] and 1.52 times more likely to prefer institutional delivery [OR=1.52, p<0.01].Conclusions: Empowering women through the encouragement of mother’s education should be one of the most fundamental strategies to promote maternal health care services and reduce inequalities.

A cross sectional study for utilisation of antenatal care services and its association to birth weight of babies in a tertiary care centre in Western India

“…13 Similar results were also obtained by other authors from different regions. 12,14,16,21 The prevalence of LBW in the present study was 18% with mean birth weight being 2820±460 g. NFHS -3 revealed a LBW prevalence of 19% for urban areas. 4 Similar studies conducted across India had nearly the same magnitude of prevalence of LBW ranging from 14% to 36%.…”

“…There are several factors that affect the utilisation of ANC services such as demographic characteristics of mother, accessibility and acceptability of services, sociocultural factors etc. [11][12][13][14][15][16] Factors significantly associated with earlier initiation of ANC services for the present study were higher education status of mothers, involvement in skilled work, higher socio-economic status and a distance of less than 30 minutes to reach the usual place of ANC visits. Factors significantly associated with completing a minimum of four ANC visits were education status of mothers and her husband, working status of mothers and time of initiation of ANC visits.…”

“…10 A few studies conducted across India have also shown unsatisfactory ANC utilization rates. [11][12][13][14][15][16] It is crucial to identify the different factors that affect the utilization of ANC services during pregnancy. The identification of these bottlenecks will help policy makers to make appropriate strategies for improving mother and child health.…”

Measuring quality of antenatal care: a secondary analysis of national survey data from India

“…Although cash incentive schemes such as Janani Suraksha Yojana are in place, it is necessary to consider the practical reservations of the economically disadvantaged women who are availing themselves of these benefits. 24,25 The highest number of women considered in the sample belonged to Other Backward Castes, and they comprised the highest percentage of those who did not receive any ANC services. The urban-rural gap in use of maternal healthcare services has been explored by various studies where the difference is usually attributed to household economic status, level of education of women and their husbands, and exposure to health information.…”

“…This adds to the pool of similar findings by other studies. 24,25 The highest number of women considered in the sample belonged to Other Backward Castes, and they comprised the highest percentage of those who did not receive any ANC services. Historically, Other Backward Castes are known to be socially disadvantaged groups that live in adverse conditions and studies 26,27 have found this socio-economic marginalisation to impact their access to maternal healthcare services.…”