Utilization of sarkanda for making pulp and paper using elemental chlorine free and total chlorine free bleaching processes

Sharma, Neeraj; Tripathi, Sandeep Kumar; Bhardwaj, Nishi Kant

doi:10.1016/j.indcrop.2020.112316

Cited by 20 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…The bleaching also caused an overall increase of the curl index, which indicated that the fibers might have become softer. The fiber length of unbleached and bleached wheat straw pulp in current study was all above 1.00 mm, which was longer than the non wood pulps reported by previous studies (Guo et al 2009;Salehi et al 2014;Li et al 2015;Sharma et al 2020). This might duo to the differences of pulping method, cooking conditions, raw material categories as well as pretreatments.…”

Section: Fiber Analysis Of the Wheat Straw Pulp During The Oqpopo Ble...contrasting

confidence: 48%

Totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wheat straw soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulp with a low initial kappa number

Lin

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

BioRes

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The totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching was studied for wheat straw soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulp with a low kappa number of 8.3 using the sequence of OQPO and OQPOPO. It was found that the oxygen delignification on wheat straw pulp was still effective despite its low initial kappa number. A delignification extent of 42% and an ISO brightness increase of 10.9% were achieved. In the OQPO sequence, an ISO brightness ceiling of 87.2% was achieved as the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) charge was increased from 2% to 6% in the PO stage. In the OQPOPO sequence, 2% H2O2 was added in the second PO stage and the pulp brightness exceeded 88% with a total charge of 4% H2O2 in the POPO bleaching. Higher brightness values of 89.5% and 90.1% were obtained under the total charges of 6% and 8% H2O2, respectively. Compared to the OQPO sequence, the higher brightness and equal viscosity of the bleached pulps were obtained under the same total charge of H2O2 in the OQPOPO sequence. The bleached pulps with high ISO brightness values (greater than 88%) retained acceptable strength properties. A slight decrease of fiber length occurred as the bleaching sequences proceeded, while the fiber width and curl index somewhat increased.

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Section: Fiber Analysis Of the Wheat Straw Pulp During The Oqpopo Ble...contrasting

confidence: 48%

Totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wheat straw soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulp with a low initial kappa number

Lin

Liu

Chen

et al. 2021

BioRes

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“…The mean value of the slenderness ratio (42.47) of the studied plant is greater than that of Delonix regiahas (36.03) but less than those of Aningeria robusta (57.43), Senna siamea (65.82), and the maximum value of Ficus exasperate (94.71), while it is comparable with those of Prunus armeniaca, Spondias mombin, and Ficus exasperate (Table 2). The mean value of the elasticity coefficient (flexibility ratio) of M. azedarach is greater than those of all the biomass materials listed in Table 2; this indicates that M. azedarach is more flexible than these plants [45].…”

Section: Fiber Morphologymentioning

confidence: 88%

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Megra

Bachheti

Tadesse

et al. 2022

Forests

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As the world’s population rises, there is a greater need for additional pulpwood for paper production worldwide. Therefore, this research aimed to evaluate the pulp and papermaking characteristics of Melia azedarach. Proximate chemical analysis, fiber morphology, pulping, bleaching, and physical tests were carried out to check the suitability of raw material. The proximate chemical analysis results showed that M. azedarach has a holocellulose content of 72.95% and a lignin content of 22.14%. Fiber morphology assessment revealed that the fibers were 0.571 mm long, 13.45 μm wide, and had a 2.52 μm cell wall thickness. Kraft pulping of M. azedarach was performed at different active alkali contents (5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25%) and temperatures (150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, and 190 °C), keeping the sulfidity constant at 25%. The maximum pulp yield was 41.81% at an active alkali content of 15%, a temperature of 170 °C, and a cooking time of 90 min. The effect of pulping on the fiber morphology was studied using scanning electron microscopy, which showed that the fiber’s surface before pulping was tight and arranged in an orderly way, with a relatively complex texture. After pulping, lignin, hemicellulose, and cellulose were removed, and the fiber became softer and more loosened, containing micropores. The pulp produced was bleached, and sheet preparation and testing were performed. The prepared paper sheets had a tensile index of 23.3 Nm/g, a burst index of 1.4 kPa m2/g, and a tear index of 4.0 mN m2/g. This study concluded that M. azedarach could be a raw material for the pulp and papermaking industries. The results indicated that M. azedarach is also a potential alternative resource for pulp and paper production in Ethiopia.

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“…We take the bleaching system of a pulp mill in Guangxi Province of China as an example; in an ECF bleaching sequence (D 0 EpPD 1 ), as shown in Figure , chlorine dioxide (ClO 2 ), hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) are used as the main bleaching agents to degrade the chromogenic groups or improve the brightness in the bleaching process. At the same time, the reaction temperature and pH value of the bleaching solution were controlled to promote the reaction. − …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Bleaching Operating Conditions Based on Mathematical Programming to Reduce AOX Emissions

Yin

Chen

Ma³

et al. 2022

ACS Omega

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This study describes the optimization of a eucalyptus elemental chlorine-free (ECF) bleach plant to reduce adsorbable organic halogen (AOX). The correlations between operating conditions of each stage and pulp quality indices as well as the AOX content in wastewater are analyzed, taking an ECF bleaching technology (D0EpPD1) as an example. The calculation models of pulp quality indices and AOX content in wastewater are established. Then, an optimization model aiming at minimizing AOX emission is structured. The model shows a good simulation effect because the errors between the calculated and experimental values are within 6.3%. By analyzing the impact of various operating conditions on AOX emissions, it was found that chlorine dioxide reduced in the D0 stage has the greatest impact on AOX. The optimization results show that AOX can be reduced from 90.84 to 79.58 kg/h, a decrease of 12.5%. The verification experiment results based on the optimized operating conditions showed that the experimental results are in good agreement with the calculated results of the optimization model, and the effect of reducing AOX based on the optimization model is obvious.

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Utilization of sarkanda for making pulp and paper using elemental chlorine free and total chlorine free bleaching processes

Cited by 20 publications

References 25 publications

Totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wheat straw soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulp with a low initial kappa number

Totally chlorine free (TCF) bleaching of wheat straw soda-anthraquinone (AQ) pulp with a low initial kappa number

Evaluation of Pulp and Papermaking Properties of Melia azedarach

Optimizing Bleaching Operating Conditions Based on Mathematical Programming to Reduce AOX Emissions

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