Utilization of atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry for analysis of fatty acids on seed surface

Fast and eco‐friendly method using atmospheric solids analysis probe mass spectrometry to characterize orange varieties

“…ASAP‐MS is an ambient ionization technique allowing the analysis of volatile and semi‐volatile liquids and solid materials 4 . This technique utilizes heated nitrogen gas and corona discharge, to vaporize and ionize the sample, respectively 9 .…”

“…7 Another technique that can be used for the determination of chemical composition of orange juice is mass spectrometry (MS), which can provide specific information for the identification of compounds, such as ASAP-MS. 8 ASAP-MS is an ambient ionization technique allowing the analysis of volatile and semi-volatile liquids and solid materials. 4 This technique utilizes heated nitrogen gas and corona discharge, to vaporize and ionize the sample, respectively. 9 The sample was directed applied to the ASAP glass capillary tube, without any sample preparation, 10 and after, they are introduced to the source in atmospheric pressure.…”

“…10 Besides, it is a lowcost source, because ASAP can be performed by making some modifications to an existing atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) source, and it can ionize a broad range of analytes. 8 This method was used for the detection of adulteration in Origanum vulgare L, 11 detection of adulteration in Chinese teas, 12 to characterize crude vegetable oils via triacylglycerols fingerprint, 13 identification and quantification of anabolic steroid esters, 14 identification of pollen and semi-quantification of flavonoid, 15 analysis of the skin irritant p-phenylenediamine in henna products, 16 characterization of petroleum components, 17 detection of pesticides in cereals, 18 analysis of fatty acids on seed surface, 4 analysis of amphetamine stimulants in a whole urine sample, 19 identification of bulk drug seizures, 8 and many others. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no study in the literature dealing with ASAP-MS analysis of fresh orange juice.…”

“…quality control (QC) and others more accurate but time-consuming official methods. 3 Among the conventional analytical techniques and their applicability, it is possible to cite gas chromatography (GC) and liquid chromatography (LC) that both involve relatively laborious sample preparation, such as sample homogenization, sample extraction, and artifacts formation during contact with extraction solvent 4 ; the nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is a robust method, which can rapidly analyze mixtures at the molecular level but is the intrinsic insensitivity of the methods 5 ; the rapid integrated total dietary fiber (RITDF) method improves the accuracy of fiber analysis, but it combines the key attributes of AOAC official methods, being laborious and time-consuming 6 ; the attenuated total reflectance-Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) is a usual method that requires a small drop/amount of sample on the ATR base-plate reagent consumption, being much faster than traditional techniques. 7 Another technique that can be used for the determination of chemical composition of orange juice is mass spectrometry (MS), which can provide specific information for the identification of compounds, such as ASAP-MS. 8 ASAP-MS is an ambient ionization technique allowing the analysis of volatile and semi-volatile liquids and solid materials.…”

Simplified screening approach of anabolic steroid esters using a compact atmospheric solid analysis probe mass spectrometric system

“…The ASAP technique was introduced in 2005 by McEwen et al [7] for the fast direct analysis of volatile and semi-volatile, solid and liquid samples under atmospheric pressure conditions. For instance, Cechova et al [19] evaluated the direct surface analysis of pea seeds for the study of fatty acids profile and Doue et al [20] analyzed steroid esters in oily injection preparations. Steroid esters are commonly used to enhance performances and improve the growth rate of both humans and animals, with the potential for misuse as growth promoters in animal husbandry and are banned in the European Union for the use of cattle fattening [21].…”