Utilization of a dynamometric pendulum to estimate cutting forces involved during routing. Comparison with actual calculated values

Abstract

-Nowadays, to measure cutting forces involved during routing, systems with piezo-electric sensors are generally used. This study began with the following observation: two species with the same density can induce completely different cutting forces. But two species with completely different densities can also show closed cutting forces. Current formulations used to calculate cutting forces can not explain such phenomenon. That is why some new research has been done to establish relationship between cutting forces and mechanical parameters [8]. In this work, we decided to present a very simple, quick and accurate method to obtain similar results and good cutting forces approximation using a dynamometric pendulum. With this method, we can take into account the machining parameters, wood characteristics, cutting speed, and impact resistance into just one test. It is possible to quickly know wood behaviour during machining, particularly when new species or new conditions are used in industries.cutting forces prediction / dynamometric pendulum / routing / tropical woods Résumé -Utilisation d'un pendule dynamométrique pour estimer les efforts de coupe en défonçage, comparaison avec les valeurs actuellement calculées. De nos jours, pour mesurer les efforts de coupe en défonçage, on utilise généralement des capteurs piézo-électriques. Cette étude a été lancée suite à certaines observations : deux essences avec la même densité peuvent demander des efforts de coupe complètement différents. Mais deux essences avec des densités complètement différentes peuvent également demander des efforts de coupe identiques. Les formulations actuellement utilisées ne permettent pas d'expliquer ces phénomènes. C'est pourquoi des travaux de recherche ont été réalisés pour établir des relations entre les efforts de coupe et les propriétés mécaniques du bois [8]. Dans ce travail, nous avons décidé de présenter une méthode simple, rapide et précise pour obtenir de bons résultats et de bonnes approximations des efforts de coupe en utilisant un pendule dynamométrique. Grâce à cette méthode, il est possible de tenir compte des paramètres de coupe, des caractéristiques du bois, de la vitesse de coupe et de la résistance aux chocs avec seulement un essai. Il est possible de connaître rapidement le comportement du bois pendant l'usinage, en particulier quand de nouvelles essences ou de nouvelles conditions de coupe sont utilisées dans les entreprises. prédiction d'efforts de coupe / pendule dynamométrique / défonçage / bois tropicaux

Influence of anatomy and basic density on specific cutting force for wood from Corymbia citriodora Hill & Johnson

“…According to Poorter et al (2010), in most leafy species, fibers make up the bigincreased the consumption of specific strength cut. Similar results were obtained by many authors (Kivimaa 1950;Koch 1964Koch , 1972Eyma et al, 2001Eyma et al, , 2004aEyma et al, , 2004bEyma et al, , 2005, which agreed that during processing, denser woods, or even denser regions of the same sample tend to introduce heavier chips that require more strength to their removal, and consequently more energy to move the cutting tool. The fact that the basic density showed high degree of correlation with the specific cutting force, as it is observed in results, can be an evidence of this.…”

“…The unpredictable variability of wood properties makes it difficult to 2 Diverse studies have dealt with wood behavior during processing, especially in seeking explanations regarding the forces involved in the cutting process based on wood characteristics (Kivimaa, 1950;McKenzie, 1962;Koch, 1964;Fischer R, 1999;Aguilera & Martin, 2001;Eyma et al, 2001Eyma et al, , 2004aEyma et al, , 2004bEyma et al, , 2005Porankiewicz et al, 2011). However, most of these studies have focused on the density or moisture of the wood and few of them focus on the mechanical properties of the xylem tissue, describing its influence in the process.…”

Measurement of Wood Cutting Forces during Bandsawing Using Piezoelectric Dynamometer

“…There are some contradictory reports regarding the cutting speed and cutting force relations. Some studies indicated that the cutting speed had practically no effect on cutting forces (Franz, 1958;McKenzie, 1961;Eyma et al, 2005), while others showed a cutting force curve with a minimum at some speeds, or a linear change of cutting force by increasing the speed (Pahlitzsch and Dziobek, 1959; Porankiewicz et al, 2007). Davim (2011) mentioned that the parallel force increases with increasing cutting speed from 30 m s -1 to 60 m s -1 for fi ve different coated carbide tools in wood cement board machining.…”

“…However, the method of cutting force measurement cannot be neglected. The measuring of cutting forces can be carried out using various methods such as pendulum (Eyma et al, 2005), strain gauge (Porankiewicz et al, 2008) and piezoelectric dynamometer. The pendulum dynamometer is a good tool to measure the cutting energy, but it cannot measure the cutting force components.…”

Study of the physical properties of Corymbia citriodora wood for the prediction of specific cutting force

“…Some authors affirm the existence of correlation between wood density and the forces involved in the cutting process. However, the density factor is not always enough to precisely explain the influence of the wood on the cutting process, for there are exceptions, especially related to the specificities of the species being worked (CHARDIN, 1958;KOCH, 1964;EYMA et al, 2001EYMA et al, , 2004aEYMA et al, , 2004bEYMA et al, , 2005. Naylor et al (2012) showed that the wood density has less influence on the cutting force along the grain.…”