Utilisation of yolk fuels in developing eggs and larvae of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Rønnestad, Ivar; Koven, William; Tandler, A.; Harel, Mordechai; Fyhn, Hans Jørgen

doi:10.1016/s0044-8486(98)00203-8

Cited by 90 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Marine fish eggs with relatively low levels of lipid include those from herring, haddock, whiting (Merlangus merlangus), saithe (Pollachius virens) (Tocher and Sargent, 1984b), cod (Fraser et al, 1988) and halibut (Falk-Petersen et al, 1989), but freshwater species such as perch (Perca fluviatilis), northern pike (Esox lucius), tilapia and roach (Leucisus rutilis) also have low lipid eggs (Henderson and Tocher, 1987). In contrast, eggs from salmon, rainbow trout, striped bass and whitefish (Coregonus albula) have higher lipid contents, and eggs from the marine fish gilthead sea bream (Mourente and Odriozola, 1990;Ronnestad et al, 1994), Senegal sole (Solea senagalensis) (Vazquez et al, 1994), common dentex (Dentex dentex) (Mourente et al, 1999a), sea bass (Ronnestad et al, 1998) and turbot (Silversand et al, 1996) all have higher levels of neutral lipids (>50% of total lipid), with the eggs from all these species having oil globules similar to those found in the relatively lipid -rich eggs of sand eel (Ammodytes lancea) and capelin (Tocher and Sargent, 1984b). The polar lipids of most fish eggs are dominated by phosphoglycerides, particularly PtdCho, followed by PtdEtn, PtdSer and PtdIns.…”

Section: Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consistent with this, PtdCho was primarily catabolised in the phosphoglyceride -rich eggs of halibut and plaice, but not in turbot eggs where neutral lipids account for more than 50% of total lipid (Rainuzzo et al, 1992;Finn et al, 1995;Ronnestad et al, 1995). In contrast, in marine pelagic eggs that contain higher lipid levels, reflecting high levels of neutral lipid in oil globules or otherwise, such as from sea bream, sea bass, Senegal sole and dentex, lipids are utilised primarily after hatching and mainly as neutral lipid, whether from the oil globule or otherwise (Ronnestad et al, 1994(Ronnestad et al, , 1998Mourente and Vazquez, 1996;Mourente et al, 1999a). Phosphoglyceride was also the predominant lipid catabolised in goldfish (Wiegand, 1996b) but in pike, PtdCho, triacylglycerol and steryl esters were all catabolised (Desvilettes et al, 1997).…”

Section: Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Metabolism and Functions of Lipids and Fatty Acids in Teleost Fish

Tocher

2003

Reviews in Fisheries Science

2,103

1,718

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Lipids and their constituent fatty acids are, along with proteins, the major organic constituents of fish, and they play major roles as sources of metabolic energy for growth including reproduction, and movement including migration. Furthermore, the fatty acids of fish lipids are rich in ω3 long chain, highly unsaturated fatty acids (n-3 HUFA) that have particularly important roles in animal nutrition, including fish and human nutrition, reflecting their roles in critical physiological processes. Indeed, fish are the most important food source of these vital nutrients for man Thus, the long standing interest in fish lipids stems from their abundance and their uniqueness. This review attempts to summarise our present state of knowledge of various aspects of the basic biochemistry, metabolism and functions of fatty acids, and the lipids they constitute part of, in fish, seeking where possible to relate that understanding as much to fish in their natural environment as to farmed fish. In doing so, it highlights the areas that require to be investigated in greater depth and also the increasing application of molecular technologies in fish lipid metabolism which will fascilitate further advances through molecular biological and genetic techniques including genomics and proteomics.

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Section: Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolism and Functions of Lipids and Fatty Acids in Teleost Fish

Tocher

2003

Reviews in Fisheries Science

2,103

1,718

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Nephrops norvegicus [66] 42.10 [66] 28.29 [66] 0% survival [67,68] 0.6% survival (51.7 days) [69] 2 (neutral) 1.2 (phospholipid) [69] NS [70] 80-98.5% survival [71] 84-92% survival Nauticaris magellanica [72] 0.29-0.37 [72] 0.15-0.16 ND [73,74] 85.7% until zoea IX, but strong mortality from zoea X to decapodid stage…”

Section: 2-46% Survival (22 Days) No Aberrant Forms Larger Juvenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sparus aurata [75] 0.6 (neutral) 0.7 (phospholipid) [75] 0.15 (neutral) 0.20 (phospholipid) [76,77] 15% survival [76,77,31] 9-28% survival Macrobrachium rosenbergii [78] 0.67 [78] 0.42 [79,80,81] 44% survival [79,80,81] 56% survival Table 2: Newly spawned egg's DHA content, DHA consumed during embryogenesis (µg.egg -1 ), and larval culture success with a prey poor or lacking DHA and with a prey enriched with DHA of crustacean and fish species (NS -no significant consumption; ND -no data available; Rønnestad et al [69]; Navarro et al [70]; Navarro et al [71]; Wehrtmann and Kattner [72]; Wehrtmann and Albornoz [73]; Wehrtmann and Albornoz [74]; Rønnestad et al [75]; Robin and Vincent [76]; Robin and Peron [77]; Monroig et al [31]; Clarke et al [78]; Devresse et al [79]; Alam et al [80]; Alam et al [81]). was the relative success of feeding larvae with a prey rich in DHA.…”

Section: 2-46% Survival (22 Days) No Aberrant Forms Larger Juvenmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Consumption of DHA during Embryogenesis as an Indicative of the Need to Supply DHA during Early Larval Development: A Review

Figueiredo¹

2012

J Aquacult Res Dev

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The establishment of an adequate larval diet for crustacean and fish often involves a series of time-consuming and expensive trial and errors. Despite being nutritionally poor, rotifers and Artemia are the most commonly used preys in larviculture. Whether (and to what extent) the prey needs to be enriched with essential fatty acids differs from species to species. We hypothesized that the DHA content of a newly spawned eggs and its consumption through embryogenesis can be a good indicator of the need to enrich the prey with DHA. In order to assess this hypothesis, we performed a search in the scientific literature and compared DHA consumption through embryogenesis with larval culture success with unenriched and DHA-enriched Artemia nauplii, respectively a prey poor and rich in DHA of fish and crustacean. Data available from previously published studies suggests that, higher the consumption of DHA during embryonic development, greater the requirement of a diet rich in DHA during early larval development; and when, although present, DHA is not consumed during embryogenesis, larvae seem to be able to successfully develop with diet poor in DHA (i.e. using solely their reserves). Further studies will be necessary to better validate this hypothesis, but if confirmed, it may allow a reduction of time and costs associated with the establishment of an adequate larval diet.

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“…Sargent et al (1997) stated that both the amount and proportions of DHA, EPA and AA are important in marine fish nutrition and suggested that the optimum ratio may vary with species but, would be in the range of 10:5:1 for DHA:EPA:AA. Free tyrosine and free phenylalanine have been reported to increase or to be maintained at constant levels around first feeding in European seabass (Dicentrarchus labrax Linnaeus, 1758; Ronnestad et al, 1998), Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer Bloch, 1790; Sivaloganathan et al, 1998), and Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis Kaup, 1858;Parra et al, 1999).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of L-carnitine enrichment on the rotifer and influences on clownfish larvae

Kumar

Sahu

2015

SL J Food & Agric

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Enrichment has shown considerable influence on the population growth, reproduction and individual growth of rotifer (Brachionus plicatilis Müller, 1786) and its utility on the clownfish larvae (Amphiprion ocellaris Cuvier 1830). Using the culture medium of microalgae (Nannochloropsis salina D.J. Hibberd 1981) as the control, rotifers were enriched by dissolving in S-presso (for short term enrichment) or L-carnitine supplements. The study was conducted in three replicates for five and 10 days of batch culture. On day-4, the population density of rotifers exposed to 1, 10 and 100 mg l -1 L-carnitine was significantly increased (p<0.001) by 43, 39 and 54%, respectively, compared to the control. The population density in these three treatments also increased on day-2, day-3 and day-5 compared to the 1000 mg L -1 treatment (p<0.05) and control (p<0.05). The body length (p<0.001) and width (p<0.05) were significantly reduced in the 1000 mgL -1 treatment compared to the control. The mean values of total unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA's, HUFA's and n-3 fatty acids) and the ratio of n-3/n-6, DHA/EPA, EPA/AA were significantly higher (p<0.05) in the rotifers enriched with L-carnitine compared to S-presso and algae. Larvae fed using rotifer enriched with Lcarnitine gained the maximum growth (65.7±1 mg), followed by those enriched with S-presso (42.2±0 mg). In L-carnitine treatment, metamorphosis took only 9 days, followed by the control. In L-carnitine and S-presso units, the clownfish larvae took only three days for the first pigmentation compared to four days in N. salina (control) and 10 days with S-presso. Rotifers enriched with L-carnitine showed the highest survival rate (70 %) of the clownfish followed by the control (68%) and S-presso (52%). The results suggested that L-carnitine could be a positive factor to enhance the rotifer production and also its utilization in clownfish larval culture.

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Utilisation of yolk fuels in developing eggs and larvae of European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Cited by 90 publications

References 36 publications

Metabolism and Functions of Lipids and Fatty Acids in Teleost Fish

Metabolism and Functions of Lipids and Fatty Acids in Teleost Fish

The Consumption of DHA during Embryogenesis as an Indicative of the Need to Supply DHA during Early Larval Development: A Review

Effect of L-carnitine enrichment on the rotifer and influences on clownfish larvae

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