Utilisation of salty whey ultrafiltration permeate with electrodialysis

Talebi, Sahar; Kee, Esther; Chen, George Q.; Bathurst, Karren; Kentish, Sandra E.

doi:10.1016/j.idairyj.2019.104549

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…The current efficiencies obtained for all hCEMs used for whey demineralization are lower than those obtained by Francesco et al [ 13 , 14 ] for NaCl desalination (44.28% vs. 93.42%) due to the complexity of the whey solution. In addition, these observations are as expected since the current efficiency for laboratory cell setups can reach up to 90%, whereas it can only reach up to 50% for industrial installments [ 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ]. The setup for this present study is closer to an industrial commercial installment.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Hierarchical Cation-Exchange Membranes’ Chemistry and Crosslinking Level on Electrodialysis Demineralization Performances of a Complex Food Solution

Khetsomphou

Deboli

Donten³

et al. 2023

Membranes

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Hierarchical cation-exchange membranes (hCEMs) fabricated by blade coating and UV crosslinking of ionomer on top of a porous substrate demonstrated promising results in performing NaCl demineralization. In the food industry, complex solutions are used and hCEMs were never investigated before for these food applications. The performances of two different coating chemistries (urethane acrylate based: UL, and acrylic acid based: EbS) and three crosslinking degrees (UL5, UL6, UL7 for UL formulations, and EbS-1, EbS-2, EbS-3 for EbS formulations) were formulated. The impacts of hCEMs properties and crosslinking density on whey demineralization performances by electrodialysis (ED) were evaluated and compared to CMX, a high performing CEM for whey demineralization by ED. The crosslinking density had an impact on the hCEMs area specific resistance, and on the ionic conductance for EbS membrane. However, 70% demineralization of 18% whey solution was reached for the first time for hCEMs without any fouling observed, and with comparable performances to the CMX benchmark. Although some properties were impacted by the crosslinking density, the global performances in ED (limiting current, demineralization duration, global system resistance, energy consumption, current efficiency) for EbS and UL6 membranes were similar to the CMX benchmark. These promising results suggest the possible application of these hCEMs (UL6, EbS-2, and EbS-3) for whey demineralization by ED and more generally complex products as an alternative in the food industry.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 80%

Impact of Hierarchical Cation-Exchange Membranes’ Chemistry and Crosslinking Level on Electrodialysis Demineralization Performances of a Complex Food Solution

Khetsomphou

Deboli

Donten³

et al. 2023

Membranes

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“…Salty whey differs substantially from the seawater and wastewater streams that have been the focus of most previous work. Specifically, this dairy effluent contains significant quantities of lactose (~2.5 wt%) [26,27], and small quantities of divalent ions such as calcium, magnesium and phosphate [26,27], all of which may interfere with the EDBM process. Further, the dairy industry consumes significant volumes of acids and bases both as clean-in-place chemicals and for ion exchange resin regeneration.…”

Section: Fig 1 Schematic Diagram Of An Edbm Stackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transforming salty whey into cleaning chemicals using electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Chen

Wang

et al. 2020

Desalination

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Large quantities of salty whey are produced during cheese manufacturing, posing an environmental problem. Here the feasibility of electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM) is evaluated for the first time as a mechanism to transform this saline effluent into sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid for reuse within the factory. The work also seeks to find the maximum acid and base concentration that can be achieved. For a pure sodium chloride solution, maximum acid/base concentrations of 3.6 ± 0.2 mol/L and 3.0 ± 0.3 mol/L are achieved using a stack of ten membranes including four bipolar membranes. The effects of proton leakage and water migration limit the generation of higher concentrations. The presence of calcium phosphate also has a negative effect on the EDBM performance, suggesting that pretreatment to remove this impurity is needed. In industrial practice, this pretreatment could be achieved by recycling around 9 % of the base produced to precipitate these salts. The use of a partially cyclic operation allows 99% demineralization of pretreated salty whey, with high purity acid/base solutions of concentration near 3.5 mol/L. This work demonstrates EDBM as an effective process for transforming salty whey into chemicals for clean in place and ion exchange resin regeneration.

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“…Ion transfer in the system is described by the Nernst-Planck Equation ( 5), the electroneutrality condition (6), as well as the material balance Equation (7):…”

Section: Problem Formulationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This method is increasingly being used for the recovery of protein-based compounds from meat by-products [1] and for the separation of plant secondary metabolites, peptides, proteins, polysaccharides and other functional macromolecules from complex food-based streams [2]; moreover, coupling UF membranes with ED enables the efficient separation of proteins with a similar molecular weight, which is hard to achieve by the conventional ultrafiltration (UF) membrane [3]. ED is also used for desalting lactose mother liquor before crystallization to increase lactose yield [4] or to prepare low-lactose milk powder using coupling membrane technologies [5], as well as to utilize a salty whey UF permeate [6]. To increase the efficiency of such processes, the following methods can be used: ED with porous membranes [7]; membrane stacks containing UF membranes [3]; organic-inorganic membranes and resins [8] and/or electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM) [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of the Effect of Pulsed Electric Field Mode and Solution Flow Rate on Protein Fouling during Bipolar Membrane Electroacidificaiton of Caseinate Solution

et al. 2022

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A one-dimensional non-stationary model was developed for a better understanding of the protein fouling formation mechanism during electroacidification of caseinate solution using electrodialysis with bipolar membranes (EDBM) in pulsed electric field (PEF) mode. Four different PEF modes were investigated with pulse–pause durations of 10 s–10 s, 10 s–20 s, 10 s–33 s, 10 s–50 s. For each current mode 3 different flow rates were considered, corresponding to Reynolds numbers, Re, equal to 187, 374 and 560. The processes are considered in the diffusion boundary layer between the surface of the cation-exchange layer of bipolar membrane and bulk solution of the desalination compartment. The Nernst–Planck and material balance equation systems describe the ion transport. The electroneutrality condition and equilibrium chemical reactions are taken into account. The calculation results using the developed model are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data obtained during the previous experimental part of the study. It is confirmed that both the electrical PEF mode and the flow rate have a significant effect on the thickness (and mass) of the protein fouling during EDBM. Moreover, the choice of the electric current mode has the main impact on the fouling formation rate; an increase in the PEF pause duration leads to a decrease in the amount of fouling. It was shown that an increase in the PEF pause duration from 10 s to 50 s, in combination with an increase in Reynolds number (the flow rate) from 187 to 560, makes it possible to reduce synergistically the mass of protein deposits from 6 to 1.3 mg/cm2, which corresponds to a 78% decrease.

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Utilisation of salty whey ultrafiltration permeate with electrodialysis

Cited by 14 publications

References 13 publications

Impact of Hierarchical Cation-Exchange Membranes’ Chemistry and Crosslinking Level on Electrodialysis Demineralization Performances of a Complex Food Solution

Impact of Hierarchical Cation-Exchange Membranes’ Chemistry and Crosslinking Level on Electrodialysis Demineralization Performances of a Complex Food Solution

Transforming salty whey into cleaning chemicals using electrodialysis with bipolar membranes

Mathematical Modeling of the Effect of Pulsed Electric Field Mode and Solution Flow Rate on Protein Fouling during Bipolar Membrane Electroacidificaiton of Caseinate Solution

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