Utilisation of rye by chickens: Effect of microbial status, diet gamma irradiation and sodium taurocholate supplementation

Campbell, Graham; Campbell, L. D.; Classen, H. L.

doi:10.1080/00071668308416730

Cited by 65 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 27 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…This was attributed to fat malabsorption induced by feeding rye, barley, or oats (Campbell et al 1983a (Classen et al 1985). This is reflected in a substantially reduced metabolizable energy that is correctable with enzyme supplementation (Rotter et al 1990a (Gohl and Gohl 1977), increased digesta viscosity.…”

Section: Pentosans As Growth-depressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme applications for monogastric feeds: A review

Campbell¹,

Bedford²

1992

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

256

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Pentosans As Growth-depressantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enzyme applications for monogastric feeds: A review

Campbell¹,

Bedford²

1992

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

Self Cite

256

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…The addition of bile salts to poultry diets has resulted in an improvement of fat absorption in chicks (Kussaibati et al, 1982). Also, Campbell et al (1983) reported that adding of dietary sodium taurocholate improved lipid digestibility in broiler chickens. However, few studies have been conducted on the effects of bile salts on blood metabolites, especially liver enzymes activity, in broiler chickens.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of broiler chickens fed diets formulated on total or digestible amino acids basis with bovine bile salts powder and soybean oil

Rezaeipour¹,

Alinejad²,

Asadzadeh³

2016

JCEA

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of broiler chickens fed diets formulated on total or digestible amino acids (TAA or DAA) basis with bovine bile salts powder (BBSP) and different levels of soybean oil (SO). A total of two hundred and forty 1-day old chicks were randomly allocated to eight treatments with three replicates of 10 birds. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with 2×2×2 factorial arrangement, including two levels of BBSP, two levels of SO and two methods of amino acids balance (TAA or DAA) in diets. The results showed that main effects of BBSP, SO and feed formulation procedures (TAA or DAA) had no effects on all growth performance parameters (P > 0.05). Carcass traits, except for thigh weight, were not influenced by all dietary treatments (P > 0.05). The birds fed diets with BBSP had a greater thigh weight than the other group. The results of blood biochemical metabolites indicated that serum triglyceride was affected by amino acid formulation method (P < 0.05). In contrast, the other serum metabolites did not alter by dietary treatments (P > 0.05). The results indicated that liver enzymes activities including alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were not influenced by dietary BBSP and SO (P > 0.05). However, AST activity was affected by amino acids formulation procedure (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the addition of bile salts (BBSP), different inclusion rate of SO and amino acids balance method (DAA or TAA) in broiler diets had no negative effects on all growth performance and carcass traits.

show abstract

“…Several studies have shown that the greatest negative effect of intestinal contents viscosity done on the rate of digestion and the absorption of lipids among different nutrients [19,61,62]. This loss of digestibility and absorption is greater for saturated fat.…”

Section: Reducing the Viscosity Of The Git Contentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Xylanase and β-Glucanase to Improve Nutrient Utilization in Poultry Fed Cereal Base Diets: Used of Enzymes in Poultry Diet

Zarghi¹

2018

Insights Enzyme Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The β-glucanases and xylanases have been used as feed additives for many years and their ability to improve the performance of poultry has been demonstrated in numerous publications. Starch, proteins, and lipids easily degraded in the bird's digestive systems, whereas the major parts of soluble and insoluble non-starch polysaccharides remain intact because of the lack of suitable enzymes. The positive nutritional effects achieved by the dietary supplementation of exogenous enzymes are proposed to be caused by several mechanisms. First, it has been shown that the antinutritive effects of viscous cereals such as barley, wheat, rye, oats, and triticale are associated with raised intestinal viscosity caused by soluble β-glucans and arabinoxylans present in those cereals. These problems are overcome by dietary supplementation of β-glucanases and xylanases. It is assumed that the ability of β-glucanases and xylanases to degrade plant cell walls leads to release of nutrients from grain endosperm. Another mechanism that has a positive influence on the nutritive value is the prebiotic effect achieved via the oligosaccharides produce and release. They formed during the degradation of cell wall carbohydrates by supplemental enzymes. In the gastro intestinal tract, the oligosaccharides derived from plant cell wall digestion that is resisting to the digestive enzymes, reach to the large intestine and support from proliferation of the beneficial microorganism. In conclusion, due to the complex structure of cereal grains, it has been shown that appropriate combinations of the different enzyme can obtain improved performance.Keywords: Cereal; Exogenous enzyme; Poultry; Viscosity OverviewEnzymes are produced by living organisms as natural catalysts, which accelerate biochemical reactions in living organisms, including single-celled organisms, plants, insects and animals. So far, over 3000 different enzymes have been discovered. The enzymes are protein-based and form amino acid chains with a peptide bond. Enzymes, by attaching to the substrate, accelerate or facilitate the reactions and reduce the activation energy to start the reaction. As a result, the amount of reactions progresses increased. The activity of the enzymes depended to its three-dimensional form and the position of the amino acids within the molecule, which produces catalytic properties of the enzyme. Conditions that lead to significant changes in the enzymes' structure often lead to reduced activity. As a result, enzymes are very sensitive to the environmental condition in which they function and at optimum temperatures and pH they have the best performance [1]. The Role of Enzymes in Poultry NutritionIn the process of poultry production, the feed will include the highest cost, and the profitability of the unit will depend on the relative cost and nutritional value of food. Often limiting factor in setting diets is the ability of the bird to digest different parts of the food, especially the raw fiber. Despite the current studies, the potential nutritiona...

show abstract

Utilisation of rye by chickens: Effect of microbial status, diet gamma irradiation and sodium taurocholate supplementation

Cited by 65 publications

References 27 publications

Enzyme applications for monogastric feeds: A review

Enzyme applications for monogastric feeds: A review

Growth performance, carcass characteristics and blood metabolites of broiler chickens fed diets formulated on total or digestible amino acids basis with bovine bile salts powder and soybean oil

Application of Xylanase and β-Glucanase to Improve Nutrient Utilization in Poultry Fed Cereal Base Diets: Used of Enzymes in Poultry Diet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About