Using virtual reality-based training to improve cognitive function, instrumental activities of daily living and neural efficiency in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Liao, Ying-Yi; Tseng, Han-Yun; Lin, Yi‐Ying; Wang, Chung-Jen; Hsu, Wei‐Chun

doi:10.23736/s1973-9087.19.05899-4

Cited by 125 publications

(145 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

131

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…This suggests that, as a new intervention method, research on the cognitive benefits of VR technology to MCI patients is still in its infancy. Of the 15 studies, two studies were conducted in China (Wang and Lv, 2016 ; Hu et al, 2018 ), two in Taiwan (Liao Y. et al, 2019 ; Liao Y. Y. et al, 2019 ; Yang et al, 2019 ), two in the United States (Hughes et al, 2014 ; Schwenk et al, 2016 ), four in South Korea (Hwang and Lee, 2017 ; Hwang and Park, 2018 ; Choi and Lee, 2019 ; Park et al, 2019 ), and one study each in Italy (Optale et al, 2010 ), Belgium (Delbroek et al, 2017 ), Hongkong (Man et al, 2012 ), and Pakistan (Amjad et al, 2018 ). A total of 612 MCI patients were included in our analysis (age range, 59.61–87.5; one study Amjad et al, 2018 did not report the age).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VR technology is a technology that uses the human senses (sight, touch, movement) to control a virtually-created environment. Its advantage is to stimulate the real-life experience (Rizzo et al, 2000 ) and provide short-term feedback (Liao Y. et al, 2019 ) according to the individual' s performance by creating a virtual environment. At present, AR technology can be divided into full-immersion, semi-immersion, and non-immersion; the main difference is the ratio of the immersive virtual environment to the real environment (García-Betances et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…During the rehabilitation process, MCI patients are able to perform basic activities of daily living (i.e., walking and feeding) and then instrumental activities of daily living (i.e., managing finances and shopping) in virtual reality environments with the assistance of VR technology (García-Betances et al, 2015 ; Kim et al, 2019 ). In addition, the recovery of ability to perform daily living activities and improve cognition reduces the risk of Alzheimer's disease in the MCI population (Liao Y. et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Technology for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Ren

2020

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objective: To evaluate the impact of virtual reality (VR) technology on the cognitive functions (overall cognitive ability, executive function, short-term memory, and long-term memory) of people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Methods: All major databases, including Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Proquest, WanFang, and CNKI, were searched to identify all relevant studies published in English or Chinese since October 28th, 2019. Two researchers independently conducted document retrieval, study selection, data extraction, and methodological quality evaluation. Result: 15 randomized controlled trials were analyzed (N = 612 people with MCI), with the methodological quality evaluation score ranging from 5 to 7 points. A random effects model was selected to combine effect sizes. The result of the meta-analysis indicates that VR significantly enhanced MCI patients' overall cognitive ability (SMD = 0.869, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.330-1.407, P = 0.002, I 2 = 86.822, n = 537) and executive function (SMD = 1.083, 95%, 95%CI = 00.134-2.031, P = 0.025, I 2 = 93.748, n = 220). The meta-analysis indicated that after VR training, effects on short-term memory (SMD = 0.488, 95%CI = −0.108-1.084, P = 0.109, I 2 = 62.354, n = 131) and longterm memory (SMD = 0.335, 95%CI = −1.194-0.863, P = 0.0.214, I 2 = 58.868, n = 152) were not statistically significant. Conclusions: The present meta-analysis verifies the potential rehabilitative effects of VR technology for mild cognitive impairment.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Technology for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Ren

2020

Front. Psychol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Moreover, the equipment used in this study requires simultaneous continuous upper extremity movement during cognitive training. Physical exercise is known to affect cognitive functions, such as executive function, by increasing the level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor and the blood flow in the hippocampus, resulting in beneficial metabolic effects [14,16]. These outcomes might enhance the brain neuroplastic potential and enhance learning during cognitive rehabilitation [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, with the advancement of IT technology, virtual reality-based cognitive rehabilitation (VRCR) has been proposed [14,15]. VR facilitates the creation of a multisensory, dynamic, interactive virtual environment with a great similarity to real life [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive–Motor Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Study on Motivation and Cognitive Function

2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality-based cognitive–motor rehabilitation (VRCMR) on the rehabilitation motivation and cognitive function in older adults. This study enrolled 40 older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), living in the community. The subjects were randomly assigned to a VRCMR group (n = 20) or a conventional cognitive rehabilitation (CCR) group (n = 20). The VRCMR group underwent VRCMR using MOTOcog, a computer recognition program, whereas the CCR group underwent conventional cognitive rehabilitation, which included puzzles, wood blocks, card play, stick construction activity, and maze activity. Both interventions were performed 30 min per day, 5 days/week, for 6 weeks. This study performed a cognitive assessment using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scale, Trail Making Test A and B (TMT-A/B), and Digit Span Test forward and backward (DST-forward/backward). In addition, a 0-to-10 numeric rating self-report scale was used to assess interest and motivation during the rehabilitation training. After the intervention, the VRCMR group showed a significantly greater improvement in the MoCA (p = 0.045), TMT-A (p = 0.039), TMT-B (p = 0.040), and DST-forward (p = 0.011) scores compared to the CCR group, but not in the DST-backward score (p = 0.424). In addition, subjects in the experimental group had significantly higher interest (p = 0.03) and motivation (p = 0.03) than those in the control group. Cohen’s d effect size was 0.4, 0.3, 0.35, 0.4, and 0.5 for the MoCA, TMT-A, TMT-B, DST-forward, and DST-backward tests, respectively. This study demonstrates that VRCMR enhances motivation for rehabilitation and cognitive function in older adults with MCI better than CCR.

show abstract

Predictors of activities of daily living in heathy older adults: Who benefits most from online cognitive training?

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: To investigate the course of activities of daily living (IADL) functioning and possible predictors of performance changes in healthy older adults conducting either a General Cognitive Training (GCT) or a Reasoning Cognitive Training (ReaCT) or no training (control group, CG) over a period of 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Setting and participants: An online, home-based GCT and ReaCT including n = 2913 healthy participants (GCT: n = 1096; ReaCT: n = 1022; CG: n = 794) aged 60 years and older. Methods: Multilevel analysis were calculated to explore the nature of our outcome variables of IADL part A (independence) and part B (difficulty of tasks), and to detect possible predictors for participants' performance on IADL after CT. Results: The random slopes models fitted better for the outcomes IADL Part B in the GCT group (χ 2 (2) = 18.78, p < .01), and both IADL Part A and Part B in the ReaCT group (χ 2 (2) = 28.57, p < .01; χ 2 (2) = 63.38, p < .01, respectively), indicating different changes over time for individual participants. Female sex was a significant predictor of IADL change in the ReaCT group, showing that females benefited most in both IADL scores (IADL A: 0.01, p < .01; IADL B: 0.004, p < .01). No other significant predictors for IADL changes were identified. Conclusion and implication:The particular effectiveness in women is of clinical relevance, as IADL is typically more impaired in women than in men in advanced age. Following a personalized medicine approach, identifying predictors of nonpharmacological intervention success is of utmost importance.

show abstract

Using virtual reality-based training to improve cognitive function, instrumental activities of daily living and neural efficiency in older adults with mild cognitive impairment

Cited by 125 publications

References 47 publications

Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Technology for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Rehabilitative Effects of Virtual Reality Technology for Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis

Virtual Reality-Based Cognitive–Motor Rehabilitation in Older Adults with Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Randomized Controlled Study on Motivation and Cognitive Function

Predictors of activities of daily living in heathy older adults: Who benefits most from online cognitive training?

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About