Using Soil Phosphorus Behavior to Identify Environmental Thresholds

Kleinman, Peter J. A.; Bryant, Ray B.; Reid, W. S.; Sharpley, Andrew N.; Pimentel, David

doi:10.1097/00010694-200012000-00004

Cited by 73 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Our study provides a consistent global account of the spatial pattern of agronomic P surpluses and deficits, highlighting areas of potential soil P accumulation that can increase P loading to aquatic ecosystems (29,30), as well as areas of P deficits that could impose constraints on crop productivity and food security (8,31,32). Large disparities between agronomic P inputs and outputs pose major challenges for long-term management of water quality and agricultural productivity at all scales.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

“…Consumption of P fertilizers globally increased by ∼20% between 2000 and 2008 (based on an average of 2007-2008 consumption) (34). Farmers may apply P fertilizer in excess of crop requirements to build soil P concentrations, which may be important in P-deficient soils, yet there are typically diminishing returns of additional P fertilizer application for crop yields above a critical level at which plant-available P is maximized (7,30). On average, developing countries had P deficits during the mid-20th century (5), but our results suggest that current P fertilizer use may be contributing to soil P accumulation and relatively low PUE in some rapidly developing areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Agronomic phosphorus imbalances across the world's croplands

MacDonald

Bennett

Potter

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

718

462

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Increased phosphorus (P) fertilizer use and livestock production has fundamentally altered the global P cycle. We calculated spatially explicit P balances for cropland soils at 0.5°resolution based on the principal agronomic P inputs and outputs associated with production of 123 crops globally for the year 2000. Although agronomic inputs of P fertilizer (14.2 Tg of P·y −1 ) and manure (9.6 Tg of P·y −1 ) collectively exceeded P removal by harvested crops (12.3 Tg of P·y −1 ) at the global scale, P deficits covered almost 30% of the global cropland area. There was massive variation in the magnitudes of these P imbalances across most regions, particularly Europe and South America. High P fertilizer application relative to crop P use resulted in a greater proportion of the intense P surpluses (>13 kg of P·ha −1 ·y −1 ) globally than manure P application. High P fertilizer application was also typically associated with areas of relatively low P-use efficiency. Although manure was an important driver of P surpluses in some locations with high livestock densities, P deficits were common in areas producing forage crops used as livestock feed. Resolving agronomic P imbalances may be possible with more efficient use of P fertilizers and more effective recycling of manure P. Such reforms are needed to increase global agricultural productivity while maintaining or improving freshwater quality.agriculture | eutrophication | nutrient balances | phosphorus depletion D isparities between the nutrients applied to agricultural soils via fertilizer or manure and the nutrients removed by harvested crops result in nutrient imbalances that can influence environmental quality and productivity of agricultural systems (1). Growing consumption of inorganic phosphorus (P) fertilizers derived from mining of nonrenewable phosphate rock (2) has contributed to major increases in crop yields since the 1950s (3). Concurrent growth in fertilizer use and livestock production has more than tripled global P flows to the biosphere over preindustrial levels (4), resulting in P accumulation in some agricultural soils that acts as a driver of eutrophication in freshwater and coastal systems (5-7). At the same time, limited availability of P fertilizers in other regions has contributed to prolonged P deficits that can deplete soil P and limit crop yields (8-10). Although agricultural P surpluses and deficits have been documented for several regions (e.g., refs. 11 and 12), there is still limited understanding of the spatial patterns of P imbalances at the global scale.Patterns of nutrient imbalances across agricultural systems may reflect contrasting agricultural practices, economic development, and broader agricultural policies (1, 13). Understanding agricultural P use is key to managing global phosphate rock reserves (14) and mitigating the risk for potentially irreversible eutrophication of lakes (15). Despite considerable advances in the development of spatially explicit global nitrogen balances (e.g., ref. 16), most previous global P balance studi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Agronomic phosphorus imbalances across the world's croplands

MacDonald

Bennett

Potter

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

718

462

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Phosphorus availability from all animal excrements and manures is high (> 70%). Adding of high soluble P quantities brings the soil to saturated stage and a part of the added P remains in the available form and can be leached easily (Kleinman et al 2000). Mineral K is available for uptake by plants and for exchange and fixation on the secondary clay minerals, and leaching (Mengel and Kirkby 1978).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of organic fertilizers application on phosphorus and potassium bioavailabilit

Hanč¹,

Tlustoš²,

Száková³

et al. 2008

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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A prerequisite to use organic fertilizers in a sustainable way is to quantify the amount of phosphorus and potassium available for plants that could be taken up by a crop. The objective of this study was to evaluate direct and subsequent influence of organic fertilizers addition (poultry manure and two types of composts) on the changes of bioavailability of phosphorus and potassium in soil and their accumulation in the aboveground oat biomass (Avena sativa L.) during three years. The available phosphorus and potassium contents in soil had a degressive trend during the years of experiment. The lowest contents of these elements in soil were found in all treatments in the last year of the experiment. The plants took up the least P and K after application of compost derived from predominant sewage sludge portion. A stronger correlation (R = 0.88; P < 0.05) was found between available content of K in soil treated with organic fertilizers and K content in the aboveground biomass of oat than in the case of P (R = 0.45; P < 0.05).

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“…Above the change point, which was identified from a quadratic linear regression, the potential for P release from soil to water increases (Kleinman et al, 2000). Examing the results of this study, WSP levels for all media were below the suggested value (8.6 mg WSP/kg soil).…”

Section: Environmental P Soil Testsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Engineering Bioretention for Treatment of Urban Storm Water Runoff

Hsieh¹,

Davis²

2002

proc water environ fed

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Bioretention, a "Low Impact Development" urban storm water best management practice, was developed in the early 1990's. Although bioretention has been used at many areas in the United States, the impact of this technology on ground and surface water quality as well as the optimal design of bioretention media for pollutant removal, have not been systematically investigated. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of this technology for storm water runoff treatment and finally to give recommendations for future design. The methods used included developing pollutant removal performance curves for a variety of bioretention media mixes and evaluating the effectiveness of existing bioretention facilities. Synthetic runoff, which contained oil and grease (O/G), suspended solids (SS), lead (Pb), phosphorus (P), nitrate, and ammonium, was employed in laboratory experiments and 6 on-site bioretention evaluations. Two more on-site experiments were conducted during a rainfall event to compare with laboratory investigations.Overall, all bioretention columns and on-site facilities demonstrated excellent removal for O/G and Pb. TSS removal was good in columns, but washing out of media particles was noted in field facilities, mostly from new installations. For nutrients treatment during a 6-hr experiment, the removal efficiency of Total P ranged widely and appears to be related not only to chemical properties of the media, but also to the flow behavior of runoff through the media. Results from batch P sorption tests on six media, three continuous column studies, and two repetitive 6-hr bioretention columns with total 28 repetitions showed that the medium with a higher P sorption capacity can retain more P from the infiltrating runoff after a high P loading. However, the sorption data alone is not adequate to predict the P retention through a bioretention column for a short-term experiment due to the complicated processes occurring between the runoff and media.Unless special provision were made, all media employed in this study were ineffective in removing nitrate and ammonium. The removal efficiency of both pollutants was improved by increasing the water holding capacity of the media and enhancing the development of nitrification and denitrification processes in the bioretention column.

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Using Soil Phosphorus Behavior to Identify Environmental Thresholds

Cited by 73 publications

References 12 publications

Agronomic phosphorus imbalances across the world's croplands

Agronomic phosphorus imbalances across the world's croplands

The influence of organic fertilizers application on phosphorus and potassium bioavailabilit

Engineering Bioretention for Treatment of Urban Storm Water Runoff

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