Using a novel data resource to explore heart rate during mountain and road running

Best, Andrew; Braun, Barry

doi:10.14814/phy2.13256

Cited by 10 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Lower-limb strength is significantly reduced following a mountain ultramarathon (MUM) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 ]. Indeed, it seems that premature fatigue of lower-limb muscles might be one of the primary reasons why in MUMs, unlike in road marathons, heart rate generally decreases in the second half of the race and speed decay is more pronounced [ 6 , 7 ]. A possible relationship between muscular strength and MUM performance is therefore expected, as has been described in most endurance-based sports [ 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspiratory and Lower-Limb Strength Importance in Mountain Ultramarathon Running. Sex Differences and Relationship with Performance

Martínez-Navarro

Montoya-Vieco

Collado

et al. 2020

Sports

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The study was aimed at comparing lower-limb strength and respiratory parameters between male and female athletes and their interaction with performance in a 107 km mountain ultramarathon. Forty seven runners (29 males and 18 females; mean ± SD age: 41 ± 5 years) were enrolled. Lower-limb strength assessment comprised a squat jump test, an ankle rebound test, and an isometric strength test. Respiratory assessment included pulmonary function testing and the measurement of maximal inspiratory pressure. Male athletes performed largely better in the squat jump (26 ± 4 vs. 21 ± 3 cm; p < 0.001; d = 1.48), while no sex differences were found in the other two lower-limb tests. Concerning the respiratory parameters, male athletes showed largely greater values in pulmonary expiratory variables: forced vital capacity (5.19 ± 0.68 vs. 3.65 ± 0.52 L; p < 0.001; d = 2.53), forced expiratory volume in 1 s (4.24 ± 0.54 vs. 2.97 ± 0.39 L; p < 0.001; d = 2.69), peak expiratory flow (9.9 ± 1.56 vs. 5.89 ± 1.39 L/min; p < 0.001; d = 2.77) and maximum voluntary ventilation in 12 s (171 ± 39 vs. 108 ± 23 L/min; p < 0.001; d = 1.93); while no sex differences were identified in maximal inspiratory pressure. Race time was associated with ankle rebound test performance (r = −0.390; p = 0.027), isometric strength test performance (r = −0.349; p = 0.049) and maximal inspiratory pressure (r = −0.544; p < 0.001). Consequently, it seems that athletes competing in mountain ultramarathons may benefit from improving lower-limb isometric strength, ankle reactive strength and inspiratory muscle strength. Nevertheless, further interventional studies are required to confirm these exploratory results. In addition, the fact that the magnitude of the sex difference for isometric strength was minor, as compared with the other strength tests, could represent one of the factors explaining why the performance gap between males and females is reduced in ultramarathons.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inspiratory and Lower-Limb Strength Importance in Mountain Ultramarathon Running. Sex Differences and Relationship with Performance

Martínez-Navarro

Montoya-Vieco

Collado

et al. 2020

Sports

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“…[5]. So far, several aspects of the half-marathon have been studied, e.g., rates of participation, trends in performance, gender differences [6], perception of effort [7], heart rate response [8], biomechanics [9], and pacing of recreational [10] and elite runners [11]. However, no information was available on the pacing of age groups of half-marathon runners.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Pacing of Age Groups in Half-Marathon and Marathon

Nikolaidis

Čuk

Rosemann

et al. 2019

IJERPH

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The aim of the present study was to examine the age-related differences in performance and pacing in a half-marathon compared to a marathon. All finishers (n = 9137) in the Ljubljana 2017 half-marathon (n = 7258) and marathon (n = 1853) with available data on split times during the races, were analysed for pacing. Half-marathoners were slower than marathoners among women, (2.77 ± 0.35 versus 2.86 ± 0.39 m·s−1 respectively, p < 0.001), but faster among men (3.14 ± 0.45 versus 3.08 ± 0.46 m·s−1 respectively, p < 0.001). In both race distances, the <25 age group was the fastest and the >54 age group the slowest (p < 0.001). All age groups presented a positive pacing in both race distances and genders, with each segment being slower than the previous one. However, an end spurt was observed in the marathon, but not in the half-marathon. A more even pace in the half-marathon than in the marathon was shown for most age groups. In summary, age-group finishers in the half-marathon decreased running speed across the race, presented a more even pacing than marathoners, and did not show an end spurt.

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“…Certain RAs, such as the social media-like platform Strava [2] which features both competition and challenges, may influence the running habits of subjects who use such apps. The use of fitness-tracking apps may provide health benefits and facilitate coaching among an active segment of the population [3, 4, 5], as well as provide a novel data source for research purposes [6]. Apps such as Strava which allow for virtual competition between users, commonly in the form of leaderboards for popular running or cycling segments, may also promote risk-taking behavior [7], thus promoting the risk of injury.…”

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Competitive influences of running applications on training habits

Shei

2018

The Physician and Sportsmedicine

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The use of running applications (RAs) has recently been shown to neither increase nor decrease the risk of running-related injuries (RRIs). However, it is important to note that the study reporting these findings did not account for the influence of virtual competition or challenges, such as virtual leaderboards for certain popular "segments" and monthly "challenges" which reward users for completing predefined tasks in a given time period. Both of these factors may affect the training behaviors of RA users, and indeed may contribute to the risk of RRIs. In particular, the latter may mimic a predefined running scheme, which had a positive relationship with RRIs. Therefore, it is important for future studies to elucidate whether virtual competitions or challenges promoted by RAs influence running behavior, and consequently, the risk for RRIs.

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Using a novel data resource to explore heart rate during mountain and road running

Cited by 10 publications

References 20 publications

Inspiratory and Lower-Limb Strength Importance in Mountain Ultramarathon Running. Sex Differences and Relationship with Performance

Inspiratory and Lower-Limb Strength Importance in Mountain Ultramarathon Running. Sex Differences and Relationship with Performance

Performance and Pacing of Age Groups in Half-Marathon and Marathon

Competitive influences of running applications on training habits

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