Use of Ozone-Based Eye Drops: A Series of Cases in Veterinary and Human Spontaneous Ocular Pathologies

Spadea, Leopoldo; Tonti, Emanuele; Spaterna, Andrea; Marchegiani, Andrea

doi:10.1159/000488846

Cited by 37 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Conjunctivitis, along with keratoconjunctivitis and corneal ulcers, is widespread not only in humans but also in animals (Spadea et al, 2018), as confirmed by our observations in Dnipro. Ophthalmic diseases are accompanied by similar clinical features (Giudici & Pressanti, 2014), so determining the etiological factors that may be represented by zoonotic pathogens plays an important role in the complex diagnosis and development of treatment interventions (Gerding et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pathogenetic role of Staphylococcus aureus in purulent keratoconjunctivitis in cats

Maslikov¹,

Bely²,

Samoilіuk³

et al. 2019

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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The research was carried out in the Department of Surgery and Obstetrics of Agricultural Animals of Dnipro State Agrarian and Economic University on clinically healthy outbred cats of different ages with purulent keratoconjunctivitis. Hematological, biochemical and immunological parameters were determined in the animals, and microbiological and virological research was conducted on them. According to the data obtained, more than half of cases of ophthalmopathology in cats were conjunctivitis and keratoconjunctivitis, and they were more often registered in the cold season. The main causes of eye diseases in the cats were mechanical injuries, coccal and chlamydial infection, allergy and development of disease against the background of primary lesions of the ears and paranasal sinuses. Among the detected microorganisms, the vast majority (81.9%) were staphylococci, including S. albus, S. aureus and S. epidermidis. All types of microorganisms except O-forms of Bacillus sp. exhibited high and medium sensitivity to antibiotics. Immunoblotting revealed polypeptides that responded to specific S. aureus antigens in samples of conjunctiva, cornea, intraocular fluid, and blood of cats suffering from purulent (staphylococcal) keratoconjunctivitis. The highest antigen concentration was detected in the cornea and conjunctiva. In the absence of expressive shifts of the investigated hematological and biochemical parameters, the dynamics of immunological markers were shown by a significant increase in the content of immunoglobulins and circulating immune complexes, as well as by a distinct activation of the complement system by the classical route. The results showed a clear gradual activation of phagocytosis, namely: the number of phagocytic neutrophils increased, reaching its maximum value by the seventh day of development of purulent keratoconjunctivitis. The phagocytic index in the first three days of observation tended to decrease, and by the seventh day it had already significantly exceeded the initial value. Despite the ambiguous dynamics of the phagocytic index, in the course of the development of the inflammatory process in the blood of sick cats, we observed a clear increase in the index of complete phagocytosis. Thus, the development of purulent keratoconjunctivitis in cats occurs against the background of clear cellular and humoral responses to the infectious agent.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Pathogenetic role of Staphylococcus aureus in purulent keratoconjunctivitis in cats

Maslikov¹,

Bely²,

Samoilіuk³

et al. 2019

Regul. Mech. Biosyst.

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“…This drawback has been overcome by developing a specific formulation for ophthalmic use, both in animals and humans, that is based on ozonated liposomal sunflower oil plus hypromellose (Ozodrop ® , FB Vision, Ascoli Piceno, Italy), which is well tolerated and biocompatible with the delicate tissue of the ocular surface. The most common eye disorders encountered in animals [76], such as conjunctivitis, keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis sicca, and corneal ulcers, share some symptoms with human conditions, such as redness, chemosis and exudation. These inflammatory anterior segment diseases necessitate adequate anti-inflammatory therapy.…”

Section: Topical Applications Of Ozonated Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In fact, applying Ozodrop ® 3-4 times a day controls the pathology until recession. However, the topical administration of a collyrium (1-2 drops per eye every 4 h) needs to be more frequent and repeated to achieve clinical resolution and some patients suffer from a lack of compliance [76,77]. Furthermore, the ozone-based eye drops could be used as preparation for intraand extra-ocular surgical procedures (i.e.…”

Section: Topical Applications Of Ozonated Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Vegetable essential oils with antimicrobial activity that are loaded into liposomes have been widely reported, while liposomes containing ozonated oils have only recently been described by Spadea et al [76]. A liposomal sunflower ozonated oil plus hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (Ozodrop ® , FB Vision, Ascoli Piceno, Italy) was formulated as collyrium (details and characterization not available).…”

Section: Macro- Micro- and Nanoencapsulation Of Oilsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ozonated Oils as Antimicrobial Systems in Topical Applications. Their Characterization, Current Applications, and Advances in Improved Delivery Techniques

Ugazio

Tullio²,

Binello

et al. 2020

Molecules

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The search for a wide spectrum of antimicrobial agents that can avoid resistance while maintaining reasonable side effects has led to ozonated oils experiencing an increase in scientific interest and clinical applications. The treatment of vegetable oils with ozone leads to the creation of a reservoir of ozone that slowly releases into the skin thanks to the fact that ozone can be held as ozonides of unsaturated fatty acids. Interest in the use of ozonated oils has meant that several ozonated-vegetable-oil-containing products have been commercialized as cosmetic and pharmaceutical agents, and in innovative textile products with antibacterial activity. New approaches to the delivery of ozonated oils have very recently appeared in an attempt to improve their characteristics and reduce drawbacks, such as an unpleasant odor, high viscosity and undesired effects on skin, including irritation and rashes. The present review focuses on the current status of delivery agents that use ozonated oils as antimicrobial agents in topical (dermal, skin, and soft tissues) treatments. Challenges and future opportunities for these delivery systems will also be discussed.

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“…However, gaseous ozone, as such, is highly unstable, but can be stabilised as ozonide, an organic form obtained by having gaseous ozone which reacts with the double bonds of the carbon atoms of plant oils: the derived ozonated oil retains the properties of ozone. To make it tolerated by the ocular surface, a nanoemulsion with ozonated oil within liposomes in solution with hypromellose and deionised water has been recently placed on the market in the form of eye drops [3,4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Ozone Carried by Liposomes in the Therapy of Infectious and Skin-Regenerating Ocular Surface

Cutarelli¹,

Carlini²,

Sarno³

et al. 2019

JBiSE

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Effect of the ozonated oil in liposomes: they act against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa is among the most frequent eye pathogens and causes acute and chronic infections of the ocular surface. Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were tested in this study. The bacterial suspension of Staphylococcus aureus was diluted to obtain 150 CFU/ml. The bacterial suspension of Pseudomonas aeruginosa was diluted to obtain 15 CFU/ml. Various volumes of liposome-vehiculated ozonated oil were added (400 μl, 200 μl, 100 μl and 50 μl) to 100 μl of bacterial suspension; both of Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are incubated at 37˚C for 10 minutes. The cytotoxicity of liposome-vehiculated ozonated oil was analysed at the University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Department of Precision Medicine. The HaCaT epidermal keratinocyte cell line (ATCC, USA) was grown in Dulbecco's Modified Eagle Medium (Euroclone) with the addition of 10% foetal bovine serum (FBS) (Euroclone), 2 mM of L-glutamine (Euroclone) and antibiotics (100 U/ml penicillin, 100 g/ml streptomycin) (Euroclone). The microbiological results clearly show the antimicrobial efficacy of liposome-vehiculated ozonated oil against bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Furthermore, the studies carried out in vitro on the keratinocyte line showed how ozonated oil in liposomes does not evidence any cell toxicity, and that after 3 days of treatment, it promotes cell growth compared to the positive control.

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Use of Ozone-Based Eye Drops: A Series of Cases in Veterinary and Human Spontaneous Ocular Pathologies

Cited by 37 publications

References 9 publications

Pathogenetic role of Staphylococcus aureus in purulent keratoconjunctivitis in cats

Pathogenetic role of Staphylococcus aureus in purulent keratoconjunctivitis in cats

Ozonated Oils as Antimicrobial Systems in Topical Applications. Their Characterization, Current Applications, and Advances in Improved Delivery Techniques

The Role of Ozone Carried by Liposomes in the Therapy of Infectious and Skin-Regenerating Ocular Surface

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