Use of oyster shell as calcium supplement. Part 2. An assessment of the responses of hepatic and serum enzymes, relative organ weights, and bone mineralization in the broiler chicken fed gossypol‐containing cottonseed cake supplemented with oyster shell

Abstract

The role of oyster shell as calcium supplement in the utilization of gossypol-containing cottonseed cake (CSC) was assessed using Hypeco broiler chickens. The results showed that of the organ measured, only the relative weight of the spleen was significantly (P less than 0.05) decreased by oyster shell supplementation in the CSC diets. Spleen weight correlated negatively (r = -0.45) with dietary calcium. Alkaline phosphatase activity in the liver was significantly (P less than 0.05) increased due to the levels of oyster shell supplemented while the activities of serum and liver alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase were not significantly influenced. The results also showed that although oyster shell supplementation generally increased alkaline phosphatase activity, bone mineralization was relatively uninfluenced as judged by the low coefficients of variation (CV) of 3.14-3.51% and 3.39-4.82% for calcium and phosphorus content in the femur and tibia respectively.

Calcium availability affects bone growth in nestlings of free‐living great tits (Parus major), as detected by plasma alkaline phosphatase

“…Active bone growth is accompanied by increased activity of bone-ALP in the plasma, and after completion of skeletal development, the level of this enzyme decreases quickly (Price, 1993). Of relevance to the present study, note that ALP activity increased dramatically in the blood of domestic hen Gallus domesticus chicks fed excessive calcium carbonate (Ogura, 1981;Aletor & Aturamu, 1990).…”

Progress in Modern Marine Biomaterials Research

“…Such supplements were reported to have a positive impact on animal bones and the strength of eggshells [394]. In addition, different studies indicated that both oyster and clam shells are equally effective regarding eggshell strength and egg production rate [395][396][397][398][399]. Such benefits of shell derived CaCO 3 , shown in earlier studies, were also confirmed in recent research [400,401].…”

Feeding differently processed soya bean Part 3. Effect on serum constituents and bone mineralization in the chicken

“…For example, EGGUM [9] and TEWE [ 131 reported a linear correlation between dietary protein quality and total serum protein (TSP) and stated further that like TSP, serum area and creatinine may be used as indirect measures of dietary protein quality. Similarly, ALETOR et al [2] observed that changes in alkaline phosphatase activity may be a direct response to changes in dietary Ca or changes in dietary Ca : P ratio. The efficient mineralization of the bones is influenced, not only by the absolute levels of dietary Ca and P, but also by their relative amounts in the diet.…”