Use of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry for noninvasive body composition measurements in clinically normal dogs

Lauten, Susan D.; Cox, Nancy R.; Brawner, William R.; Baker, Henry J.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.2001.62.1295

Cited by 68 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…DXA technology is a combination of a pencil-beam X-ray absorptiometry and a sophisticated analytic computer software. Many studies (Markel et al, 1994;Emmerson et al, 2000;Lauten et al, 2001) proved that software designed for humans could be used successfully in larger-sized animals like dogs, sheep and pigs. However, since our animals were puppies weighing less than 10 kg, we applied the Low Density Programme that is used in children.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of these techniques is dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), which has become a standard procedure for noninvasive evaluation of body composition in research and clinical medicine in humans. Few publications (Emmerson et al, 2000;Lauten et al, 2001) have directly addressed its use for clinical research in dogs and other companion or farm animals. In dogs, DXA has been used for research into fracture healing, bone strength, and other physical properties of bone (Lauten et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in studies applying the DXA technology, sheep or rats were used instead of dogs (Omi and Ezawa, 1995;Turner et al, 1995a;Turner et al, 1995b). In addition, the dogs used in previous DXA studies were not puppies but adults (Markel et al, 1994;Emmerson et al, 2000;Lauten et al, 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in puppies

Ekici¹,

Sontas²,

Toydemir³

et al. 2005

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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In this study, dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was performed on the calcaneus (CAL) and accessory carpal bone (ACB) of early-age neutered (n = 11) and sham-operated puppies (n = 10) to investigate changes in bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC) over time. Prepubertal ovariohysterectomy and sham surgery were performed at 10 weeks, while BMD and BMC were measured at 12, 16, 20 and 24 weeks of age. BMD and BMC of CAL and ACB of ovariohysterectomised puppies were found to be higher. The differences between the groups were statistically unimportant; however, the fourth measurement of the ACB showed a significant (P < 0.05) difference. Sexually intact puppies weighed less than gonadectomised puppies in all measurements. Because of the positive correlations between body weight and bone mineral density, BMD and BMC of early-age neutered puppies were found to be higher. These results suggest that BMD and BMC are not affected by prepubertal ovariohysterectomy until six months of age in mixed-breed puppies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in puppies

Ekici¹,

Sontas²,

Toydemir³

et al. 2005

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica

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“…As mais utilizadas são a densitometria óptica radiográfica (Costa et al, 2006), a ultrassonografia quantitativa (Lauer et al, 2009), a tomografia computadorizada quantitativa (TCQ) (Ching et al, 1990;Chalmers et al, 2006;Saeed et al, 2009) e a absorciometria por dupla emissão de raios-X (DEXA) (Quarles, 1992;Lauten et al, 2000;Lauten et al, 2001). Dentre essas técnicas, a TCQ e a DEXA são consideradas as mais precisas e menos invasivas para esta finalidade (Maricic e Gluck, 2004;Adams, 2009).…”

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Densitometria óssea em gatos hígidos por tomografia computadorizada quantitativa

Oliveira

Costa

Teixeira

et al. 2012

Arq. Bras. Med. Vet. Zootec.

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RESUMOEstabeleceram-se valores de média radiodensidade do osso trabecular das vértebras lombares de 16 gatos adultos, hígidos, por meio da tomografia computadorizada quantitativa (TCQ). O valor médio de radiodensidade do osso trabecular da segunda vértebra lombar foi de 436,1±42,1 unidades Hounsfield, com distribuição não homogênea da radiodensidade no corpo vertebral.Palavras-chave: gato, tomografia computadorizada helicoidal, osso Atualmente existem diversas técnicas de diagnóstico por imagens utilizadas para mensuração da densidade mineral óssea (DMO). As mais utilizadas são a densitometria óptica radiográfica (Costa et al., 2006), a ultrassonografia quantitativa (Lauer et al., 2009), a tomografia computadorizada quantitativa (TCQ) (Ching et al., 1990;Chalmers et al., 2006;Saeed et al., 2009) e a absorciometria por dupla emissão de raios-X (DEXA) (Quarles, 1992;Lauten et al., 2000;Lauten et al., 2001). Dentre essas técnicas, a TCQ e a DEXA são consideradas as mais precisas e menos invasivas para esta finalidade (Maricic e Gluck, 2004; Adams, 2009). Apesar de a DEXA ser o exame mais utilizado para o acompanhamento de pacientes humanos com osteopenia e osteoporose, a TCQ é considerada um exame Recebido em 11 de abril de 2011 Aceito em 3 de novembro de 2011 *Autor para correspondência (Corresponding author) E-mail: fabianosellos@hotmail.com mais sensível, já que, ao contrário da DEXA, permite a avaliação separada das regiões cortical e trabecular. Adicionalmente a TCQ possibilita a obtenção de informações sobre a morfometria óssea, das quais podem ser extraídos parâmetros biomecânicos (Maricic e Gluck, 2004;Adams, 2009). ABSTRACTA determinação da densidade mineral óssea é um fator fundamental para a definição do quadro precoce de desmineralização, servindo também para o estabelecimento de um adequado protocolo terapêutico e o monitoramento dos pacientes acometidos, podendo, desta forma, prevenir a ocorrência de fraturas patológicas (Scharla et al., 1999). Diversas doenças endócrinas, desordens metabólicas e fatores nutricionais podem desencadear alterações no metabolismo mineral ósseo de cães e gatos com consequente promoção de manifestações

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“…Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry is the method most commonly used for a quantitative in vivo assessment of the bone mineral status in humans (Theodorou and Theodorou, 2002), and is also the method most commonly used in dogs (Freeman et al, 1996;Grier et al, 1996;Lauten et al, 2001). The technique can be performed quickly and has a low radiation dose but relatively high precision and accuracy (Grampp et al, 1993).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomechanical assessment of freeze-dried allograft cortical bone plate graft in canine bone defect model

Heo¹,

Lee²,

Lee³

et al. 2009

Vet. Med. - Czech

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Freeze-dried cortical bone can be used as a biological plate, either alone or in combination with other internal fixation devices, to stabilize fractures. In addition to it conferring mechanical stability, freeze-dried cortical bone may enhance fracture-healing and increase the bone stock. This study examined the effect of a freeze-dried allograft cortical bone plate (FACBP) on the biomechanical properties of an implant site in a canine bone defect model. Twelve adult mongrel dogs (around 4.8 kg) were used. A segmental critical-size defect (5 mm in length) at ulna diaphysis was created using an oscillating saw. The experimental animals were divided into two groups: eight dogs treated with an absorbable bone plate (FACBP) fixed by metal bone screws (Group A) and four dogs treated with a commercial stainless steel bone plate and metal bone screws (Group B). Bone healing was assessed by radiography, Dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry and a three-point bending test. The FACBP incorporated in the host bone produced complete remodeling of the cortical bone. There was no significant difference in the bone mineral density and biomechanical tests between the FACBP application site and normal ulna or a stainless steel bone plate of the ulna. These results suggest that FACBP facilitates recovery from a bone fracture by assisting in the induction of new bone formation in a defected fracture.

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Use of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry for noninvasive body composition measurements in clinically normal dogs

Abstract: Results of this cross-sectional study provide valuable body composition data for clinically normal adult dogs, which may have research and clinical applications.

Cited by 68 publications

References 40 publications

Effect of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in puppies

Effect of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy on bone mineral density and bone mineral content in puppies

Densitometria óssea em gatos hígidos por tomografia computadorizada quantitativa

Biomechanical assessment of freeze-dried allograft cortical bone plate graft in canine bone defect model

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