RESUMENEl síndrome de ovario remanente es una complicación conocida y de larga duración de la ovariectomía u ovariohisterectomía, que es causada por la presencia de tejido ovárico activo a pesar de una cirugía electiva. Como resultado de dejar restos de tejido ovárico en el abdomen o debido a la presencia de tejido ovárico ectópico, se desarrollan signos clínicos típicos de proestro o estro tales como hinchazón de la vulva, sangramiento o cambios conductuales. El diagnóstico se realiza por citología vaginal, medición de hormonas gonadales, ultrasonografía y cirugía exploratoria. La excisión quirúrgica de la masa ovárica es el tratamiento recomendado, lo cual es un proceso difícil. Este trabajo describe las causas del síndrome, los signos clínicos del paciente, el diagnóstico y el tratamiento del síndrome de ovario remanente en perras.Palabras clave: perro, ovariohisterectomía, estro postoperación, sangramiento vaginal

In the current study, a total of 90 mammary neoplasms obtained from 55 female dogs were used to determine the accuracy of fine-needle aspiration cytology in the diagnosis of canine mammary tumours and to investigate the feasibility of this technique for the differentiation of simple tumours from complex or mixed tumours. Three aspirations were performed on each mammary gland mass using a 22-gauge needle attached to a 5-ml syringe before the mammary glands were surgically excised and submitted for histopathological examination. Twenty-five (27.7%) of 90 samples were classified as insufficient/inadequate for diagnosis. Of the remaining 65 samples, six (9.2%) were benign, 51 (78.5%) were malignant tumours and 8 (12.3%) were suspicious. Histopathological examination of the 90 specimens revealed five (5.6%) benign, 84 (93.3%) malignant and one (1.1%) non-neoplastic lesion. The diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity and specificity of cytologic examination for diagnosing malignancy were 96.5%, 96.2% and 100%, respectively. However, when inadequate (n = 25) and suspicious (n = 8) samples were included, the diagnostic accuracy and sensitivity decreased to 63.3% and 60.7%, respectively, but no change was observed in the specificity. Furthermore, it was not possible to differentiate simple tumours from complex and mixed tumours because spindle cells were seen in both 28% of the simple tumours and 39.3% of the complex or mix tumours. In conclusion, we believe that fine-needle aspiration cytology of canine mammary tumours is a valuable diagnostic tool, although our results indicated lower accuracy when inadequate samples were taken into consideration.

RESumEnEn este estudio se evaluaron en forma retrospectiva las características clínicas y patológicas de 155 perras con tumores mamarios. 55% de los animales con tumores mamarios eran Poodle (83 pacientes). La edad promedio al momento de la excisión del tumor fue de 10,3 ± 0,2 años, mientras que el tiempo transcurrido entre la detección del tumor y tratamiento del paciente fue de 308 ± 38,5 días. 46 de las 119 perras habían parido al menos una vez y 22 de 59 habían presentado un historial con falsa preñez. Además, 2% de los animales habían presentado tumores de origen vulvar o vaginal. 212 tumores fueron removidos quirúrgicamente y de ellos, 78,3% eran malignos, 12,3% resultaron benignos, 8% eran cambios hiperplásicos y 1,4% eran tumores no clasificados. No hubo asociación significativa entre el tipo histopatológico de los tumores mamarios y edad, raza, ubicación y duración del tumor, estado reproductivo, historial de preñez o pseudopreñez.

Endometrial adenocarcinoma is described in two young intact female Persian cats presented with haemorrhagic vaginal discharge. The discharge had been present for 3 and 15 days in each case, respectively. On the basis of signalment, history, clinical, laboratory and diagnostic imaging findings a tentative diagnosis of pyometra was made in each cat and ovariohysterectomy was subsequently performed. Histological examination revealed endometrial adenocarcinoma in both cats together with ovarian luteal cysts and pyometra in one case. Immunohistochemistry revealed a diffuse and strongly positive reaction for oestrogen receptors in the nuclei of glandular epithelium in well-differentiated areas of the neoplastic tissue. Poorly differentiated areas of solid growth pattern had weak and focal expression of oestrogen receptors. Furthermore, the neoplastic cells within these areas displayed moderate to strong diffuse nuclear staining with Ki-67 antibody suggestive of a high proliferative capacity. The owners reported that the cats were clinically healthy 23 and 21 months after the surgery. These cases highlight the importance of histological examination of surgically resected tissue even when clinical signs and laboratory findings suggest pyometra.

Canine pyometra is a dioestrus period disease in which systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) is a common outcome due to the response of the body to the bacterial infection. The purpose of this study was i) to differentiate canine pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH)/mucometra by measuring serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and prostaglandin F2α metabolite (PGFM) concentrations in blood and ii) to compare serum concentrations of CRP and PGFM in bitches with a pathological uterus (pyometra or CEH/mucometra) to concentrations in bitches with a healthy uterus. Mean CRP concentrations were found significantly higher (p < 0.001) in dogs with pyometra compared to those with CEH/mucometra or healthy uterus. However, no statistical difference could be detected between the groups for mean PGFM concentrations. Mean white blood cell count (WBC), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total protein concentrations were found significantly higher (p < 0.001) in dogs with pyometra. Escherichia coli was the most frequently isolated microorganism from dogs with pyometra (64.3%). Edwardsiella spp. was detected in a single case of pyometra for the first time. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that serum CRP concentrations were increased in dogs with pyometra and thus we conclude that serum CRP concentration but not PGFM might be useful as a marker to differentiate a case of CEH/mucometra from pyometra in female dogs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report in which Edwardsiella spp. has been isolated in the canine uterus.