Use of antibiotics without medical prescription

Volpato, Dalton; Souza, Bárbara Vicente de; Rosa, Luana Gabriela Dalla; Melo, Luíz Henrique; Daudt, Carlos Antonio Stabel; Deboni, Luciane Mônica

doi:10.1590/s1413-86702005000400004

Cited by 69 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Getting antibiotics directly from the pharmacy without a prescription is possible in Africa, South America, Asia as well as in many parts of Europe even when this practice is illegal [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] Previous research indicates that antibiotics are readily dispensed for urinary tract infections, sore throat, bronchitis and diarrhea. Many of these studies have addressed dispensing antibiotics without a prescription in therapeutic doses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injudicious Provision of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

Amin

Amine

Newegy

2017

Iip

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Injudicious Provision of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

Amin

Amine

Newegy

2017

Iip

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“…This practice is a worldwide problem, not only in the developing countries (Sudan [1], Trinidad and Tobago [2], Pakistan [3], Brazil [4,5]) but also in the developed countries (Spain [6], Greece [7,8], Russia [9], USA [10], Israel [11], and Malta [12]). Furthermore, some European countries, namely Romania and Lithuania, were found to have high rates of self-medication [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Self-Medication with Antibiotics in Jordanian Population

Al‐Azzam

Al‐Husein²,

Alzoubi³

et al. 2007

International Journal of Occupational Medicine and Environmental Health

199

221

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Objectives: A survey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics in Jordan and evaluate the factors associated with antibiotic misuse. Methods: Validated questionnaire was used to collect data from a sample of 1943 households (9281 persons) selected from among different cities in Jordan. Results: 842 (39.5%) of 2133 antibiotic users identified via the survey had used antibiotics without a prescription within a one-month study period. Self-medication with antibiotics was found to be significantly associated with age, income, and level of education. The main reason for selfmedication as reported by the participants was their previous experience on the efficacy of treatment. The main sources of antibiotics were the previously prescribed pharmaceuticals stored in the household and those purchased in pharmacies. Conclusion:The prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics in Jordan is alarmingly high. Given the growing global resistance to antibiotics and the documented health problems related to their inappropriate use, our findings may have major public health policy implications in Jordan.

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“…A study performed in Santa Catarina (South Brazil) in 2002 showed that 74% of the pharmacies offered antibiotic without any prescription [15]. This is a cause for concern as an increased consumption of antibiotics, such as erythromycin and tetracycline, correlates with an increase of resistance among GAS [16,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyclonal dissemination of tetracycline resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes paediatric isolates from Brazil

Smeesters

Cadar

Dreze

et al. 2010

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Scarce data are available on Group A Streptococcus (GAS) antibiotic resistance in South America. Methodology: The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of GAS recovered from symptomatic children living in the central part of Brazil during a prospective epidemiological study were analyzed. Results: No isolates were resistant to penicillin or macrolides. Sixty-one percent of the isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline, of which 85% harboured the tetM resistance gene. Ninety-five percent of these tetracycline resistant isolates were also resistant to minocycline. Thirty different emm-types were associated with tetracycline resistance. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that tetracycline resistance arose independently in distantly related emm-types. Conclusions: A high level of GAS tetracycline resistance has been observed in the central part of Brazil due to the polyclonal dissemination of resistant emm-types.

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Use of antibiotics without medical prescription

Abstract: Antibiotics can be easily bought in the great majority of the pharmacies in our town without a medical prescription and a clear indication. Fever temperature did not modify the attendant's indication of the drug.

Cited by 69 publications

References 6 publications

Injudicious Provision of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

Injudicious Provision of Subtherapeutic Doses of Antibiotics in Community Pharmacies

Self-Medication with Antibiotics in Jordanian Population

Polyclonal dissemination of tetracycline resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes paediatric isolates from Brazil

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