Polyclonal dissemination of tetracycline resistance among Streptococcus pyogenes paediatric isolates from Brazil

Abstract

Introduction: Scarce data are available on Group A Streptococcus (GAS) antibiotic resistance in South America. Methodology: The antibiotic susceptibility patterns of GAS recovered from symptomatic children living in the central part of Brazil during a prospective epidemiological study were analyzed. Results: No isolates were resistant to penicillin or macrolides. Sixty-one percent of the isolates were highly resistant to tetracycline, of which 85% harboured the tetM resistance gene. Ninety-five percent of these tetracycline resistant isolates were also resistant to minocycline. Thirty different emm-types were associated with tetracycline resistance. Phylogenetic analysis indicates that tetracycline resistance arose independently in distantly related emm-types. Conclusions: A high level of GAS tetracycline resistance has been observed in the central part of Brazil due to the polyclonal dissemination of resistant emm-types.

Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of beta-haemolytic group A, C and G streptococci isolated from North India

“…The high resistance (25.5 %) of GAS to tetracycline reported here is comparable to the global rise noticed (Aggarwal et al, 1984;Dhakal et al, 2010;Jain et al, 2008;Lloyd et al, 2007;Ray et al, 2010;Smeesters et al, 2010;Traub & Leonhard, 1997;Zaoutis et al, 1999) that has been assigned to polyclonal dissemination of resistance types, as antibiotic resistance encoded by transposable elements does occur in GAS. GAS resistance (3.9 %) to chloramphenicol and susceptibility to vancomycin reported in this study are similar to results from previous reports (Jain et al, 2008).…”

“…Streptococci show significant resistance to the majority of drugs, which results from changes in targets, active efflux mechanisms and modifying enzymes. The molecular mechanism of antibiotic resistance in GAS is frequently associated with the M phenotype, which harbours particular genes (Smeesters et al, 2010). The shifts in antibiotic resistance profiles have also been associated with strain replacements happening on larger scales, independent of antibiotic use, in individual regions (Metzgar et al, 2010).…”

Susceptibility of Group AStreptococcusto Antimicrobial Agents in Northern Israel: A Surveillance Study

“…A wide variability in antimicrobial susceptibility of GAS to macrolides and tetracyclines has been reported in several geographical regions. 3,4,6,10,12,16,19,23,[27][28][29]32 Recent published data from Europe indicate an increase of resistance to macrolides, which is quite a common practice in our region. A nationwide study conducted in Israel during 1996 to 1999 studied 500 GAS isolates from invasive infections.…”

Antimicrobial Resistance among Beta-Hemolytic Streptococcus in Brazil: An Overview

“…Tetracycline resistance has varied from 13.6 to 61%, with a mean rate of 31.8% [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 ]. The highest rate was obtained in a study from the Federal District, with isolates recovered in 2004 [ 41 ].…”

“…Tetracycline resistance has varied from 13.6 to 61%, with a mean rate of 31.8% [ 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 41 ]. The highest rate was obtained in a study from the Federal District, with isolates recovered in 2004 [ 41 ]. Over time, a decreasing trend has been observed, with the lowest rates detected in most recent studies [ 38 , 39 ].…”