Use of anti-PGL-1 antibodies to monitor therapy regimes in leprosy patients

Factors associated with seropositivity for APGL-Iamong household contacts of leprosy patients

“…In cases of tuberculoid leprosy (TT), the immune system is capable of destroying the causative pathogen through the cellular immune response, resulting in well-defi ned granulomatous skin lesions, with no detectable bacilli (1) , and low levels of anti-phenolic glycolipid-I immunoglobulin M (APGL-I), specific antibodies against Mycobacterium leprae (1) (3) . On the other end of the spectrum, cases of lepromatous leprosy (LL) are characterized by an individual's inability to develop an effective cellular immune response, leading to mycobacterial survival and multiplication, and dissemination of skin lesions with a high bacillary load.…”

“…Most patients with multibacillary leprosy (MB) present with high levels of APGL-I that correlated with the bacillary load (3) (4) . Studies have reported that 40-95% of MB patients present with high levels of APGL-I (3) (5) (6) (7) (8) , whereas 15-28% of paucibacillary leprosy (PB) patients present with low levels of APGL-I (6) (8) , similar to that noted in the normal control population (1) .…”

Early detection of leprosy by examination of household contacts, determination of serum anti-PGL-1 antibodies and consanguinity

“…The phenolic glycolipid antibody (PGL-1), as measured using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), is considered to be a relevant marker of leprosy activity (Burgess et al 1988, Zenha et al 2009, Frota et al 2010). The PGL-1 fraction is part of the cell envelope of M. leprae and induces the production of the specific humoral response against PGL-1 detected in patient serum (Hunter et al 1982, Cho et al 1983, Foss et al 1993.…”

The Analysis of the Mycobacterium Leprae Resistance Against Ofloxacin After the Rifampicin Ofloxacin Minocycline (ROM) Therapy

“…At lepromatous leprosy are being treated, duration of treatment is an important factor in the development of IgM levels of anti PGL-1, because patients treated for 18 months the level of IgM anti PGL-1 is still positive, whereas patients treated for a long time (5 years or more) had antibody levels were normal. Examination of the level of IgM anti PGL-1 is sensitive to all types of MB leprosy cases and only 30-60% can detect paucibacillary leprosy (14) In this study indicate that there is a significant relationship between the BI after treatment with serological titers IgM anti PGL-1. The study by Lyon et al showed that levels of IgM anti PGL-1 by serology directly related to the bacterial load in patients, perticularly with BI examinations.…”