Sonography and electrophysiology were complementary for identifying ulnar nerve neuropathy in patients with leprosy, with clinical symptoms as the reference standard. This reinforces the role of sonography in the investigation of leprosy ulnar neuropathy.

To evaluate ultrasonographic (US) cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of peripheral nerves, indexes of the differences between CSAs at the same point (∆CSAs) and between tunnel (T) and pre-tunnel (PT) ulnar CSAs (∆TPTs) in leprosy patients (LPs) and healthy volunteers (HVs sensitivities, respectively, 1.35, 49%, 80% and 0.003 at the PT point, 1.55, 0.70,

The aim of this study was to determine whether the presence of leprosy reactional episodes could be associated with chronic oral infection. Thirty-eight leprosy patients were selected and divided into 2 groups: group I - 19 leprosy patients with oral infections, and group II - 19 leprosy patients without oral infections. Ten patients without leprosy, but presenting oral infections, were assigned to the control group. Leprosy patients were classified according to Ridley and Jopling classification and reactional episodes of the erythema nodosum type or reversal reaction were identified by clinical and histopathological features associated with serum IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels. These analyses were performed immediately before and 7 days after the oral infection elimination. Patients from group I presenting oral infections reported clinical improvement of the symptoms of reactional episodes after dental treatment. Serum IL-1, TNF-alpha, IL-6, IFN-gamma and IL-10 levels did not differ significantly before and after dental treatment as determined by the Wilcoxon test (p>0.05). Comparison of the 2 groups showed statistically significant differences in IL-1 and IL-6 at baseline and in IL-1, IL-6 and IL-10 on the occasion of both collections 7 days after therapy. Serum IL-6 and IL-10 levels in group I differed significantly at baseline compared to control (Mann-Whitney test; p<0.05). These results suggest that oral infection could be involved as a maintenance factor in the pathogenesis of leprosy reactional episodes.

Introduction: This study evaluated whether leprosy reactions could be associated with oral infection. Methods: Leprosy patients (n = 38) with (group I) and without (group II) oral infections were selected. Reactions were identified from the clinical and histopathological features associated with serum C-reactive protein (CRP) and10kDa interferon-gamma-induced protein (IP-10) levels, determined before and after elimination of the foci of infection. Results: group I presented more reactions than group II did, and improvement of the reactions after dental treatment. Serum CRP and IP-10 did not differ before and after the dental treatment, but differed between the groups. Conclusions: Oral infection could be an exacerbating factor in leprosy reactions.

Introduction: This study evaluated the intracellular profile of interleukin-2 (IL-2), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from leprosy patients based on oral infections presence to determine whether these coinfections could be associated with pro-inflammatory activity in leprosy. Methods: Leprosy patients regardless of clinical form and specific leprosy treatment (n=38) were divided into two groups: Group I -leprosy patients with oral infections (n=19), and Group II -leprosy patients without oral infections (n=19). Non-leprosy patients presenting oral infections were assigned to the control Group (n=10). Intracellular IL-2, IL-4, IL-10 and IFN-γ production was evaluated by flow cytometry (FACS) before and 7 days after controlling the oral infection in the Group I, before and 7 days after dental prophylaxis in the Group II, and during oral infection process in control Group. Results: Low percentages of CD3+ lymphocytes bearing IL-2, IL-10 and IFN-γ were observed in the Group I and Group II at baseline and 7 days after therapy or prophylaxis compared to controls. Group I showed reduced percentages of IL-4 at baseline and 7 days after therapy compared to controls, or at baseline of Group II, and the Group II showed reduced percentages of CD3 + cells bearing IL-4 compared to control. An increase of the percentages of CD3 + cells bearing IL-4 was observed in the Group I after the oral infections treatment. Conclusions: The occurrence of oral infections favors the intracellular cytokines expression and, probably, the inflammatory reaction operating as a stimulatory signal triggering the leprosy reactions.

No abstract

Gonadal hormones may reduce the responsiveness to local β-blocker-induced antinociception in the TMJ of male and female rats. However, their effect depends upon their plasma level, the subtype of β-AR and the dose of β-blockers used.

FUNDAMENTOS: PCR tem sido frequentemente utilizada no diagnóstico molecular da hanseníase. OBJETIVOS: comparar os resultados da PCR com 4 pares de primers específicos para Mycobacterium leprae, bem como os resultados da PCR à classificação operacional, segundo a OMS, de multibacilar (MB) e paucibacilar (PB) da hanseníase. MÉTODO: Vinte e oito amostras de DNA, extraído de biópsias congeladas de pele e de imprint de biópsias em papel de filtro de 23 pacientes (14 MB e 9 PB), foram utilizadas na PCR com primers que amplificam 131pb, 151pb e 168pb de regiões de microssatélites, e um fragmento de 336pb do gene Ml MntH (ML2098) do bacilo. RESULTADOS: O bacilo pôde ser detectado em 22 (78,6%) das 28 amostras. Nove (45%) das 20 amostras de biópsia e 6 (75%) das 8 amostras de imprints foram positivas para TTC. Sete (35,5%) amostras de biópsias e 5 (62,5%) imprints foram positivos para AGT, e 11 (55%) biópsias e 4 (50%) imprints foram positivos para AT. Oito (38%) amostras de biópsias e 5 (62,5%) imprints foram positivos para o gene Ml MntH. Dentre o grupo MB, os microssatélites detectaram o bacilo em 78,5% das amostras, e o gene Ml MntH, em 57,1% das amostras, independentemente do material clínico. No grupo PB, 55,5% das amostras foram positivas para os microssatélites, enquanto que 22,2% o foram para o gene Ml MntH. CONCLUSÕES: Estes resultados mostram que, tanto as regiões específicas de microssatélites quanto o gene Ml MntH, podem representar ferramentas úteis na detecção do Ml MntH por PCR em amostras de biópsias e imprint de biópsias