Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnancy

Connolly, AnnaMarie; Thorp, John M.

doi:10.1016/s0094-0143(05)70218-4

Cited by 92 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 80 publications

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“…34 Undoubtedly, the urine culture in early antenatal check-up, generally the first trimester is the test of choice for screening bacteriuria/asymptomatic UTI. 35 Bacterial isolates obtained by culture are dynamic and found to be varying from time to time and from one geographic to other within and across the countries. Isolated bacteria in this study are correlated with other reports.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy attending at tertiary care of Nepal

Yadav

2018

Int J Res Med Sci

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Background: Urinary tract infections (UTI) during pregnancy issued by improper laboratory investigations situate women at risk of several detrimental complications. Untreated asymptomatic UTI (AUTI) may lead to pyelonephritis preterm birth, low birth weight, etc. Urine culture is used to confirm the diagnosis of UTI. Aim of this research was to carry out to find the prevalence of asymptomatic UTI and to establish antimicrobial drug susceptibility of the pathogens resulting asymptomatic UTI in pregnant women attending at tertiary care, Nepal.Methods: The urine samples were collected by mid-stream clean catch method from 600 pregnant women of age 15-45 years (mean age – 28.84 years) visiting for antenatal check up in the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Chitwan Medical College (CMC), a tertiary care of Nepal. All the urine samples were subjected to bio-physical, biochemical, microscopic, and microbiological analysis. The prevalence of UTI in three trimesters and in different age groups was obtained together with antimicrobial drug susceptibility tests.Results: On overall l51.83% of urine samples revealed with significant bacteriuria considered as the AUTI. On One- way ANOVA test, there was significant (P< 0.045) prevalence of AUTI when compared among different trimesters, though higher prevalence being in the first (40%) and second (45.33%) trimesters. The prevalence of AUTI was significant (P<0.004) among different age groups of the pregnancy. However, the most affectecd age groups were between 21-29 years. Escherichia coli were the most implicated organism (67.8%) followed by Klebsiella pneumonia (21.6%). The gram-negative bacteria (E. coli, K. pneumonia, and K. oxytoca) were more sensitive against Amikacin, Gentamycin, Meropenem, and Nitrofurantointhan. Other drugs whereas; gram positive bacteria (E. feacalis) had high susceptibility with Vancomycin.Conclusions: There was high incidence of AUTI among the pregnant ladies in the study region; therefore, microbial screening of urine of all pregnant women are must and should be included in the routine antenatal checkups to detect the AUTI to cut down and prevent the maternal and obstetric detrimental complications in them.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy attending at tertiary care of Nepal

Yadav

2018

Int J Res Med Sci

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“…2 The asymptomatic form known as asymptomatic bacteriuria (ASB) is defined as the presence of significant bacteriuria i.e., 10 5 bacteria per milliliter (ml), without the symptoms of an acute urinary tract infection. 3 Pregnant women with ASB are more likely to develop acute pyelonephritis, postpartum UTI, hypertensive disease, anemia, prematurity, low birth weight babies and prenatal death if untreated. 3,4 A 2007 Cochrane systematic review and meta-analysis of 14 randomized trials involving 2302 pregnant women compared antibiotic treatment with placebo or no treatment and found significant reductions in the incidence of pyelonephritis and low-birth weight babies in the antibiotic treated group.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Urinary tract infections at first antenatal check-up: a single centre prospective study

Jena¹,

Panigrahy²,

Mishra³

et al. 2016

Int J Reprod Contracept Obstet Gynecol

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“…The upper urinary tract infections in particular, may lead to significant morbidity for both the mother and foetus [6]. Bacteriuria is a significant risk factor for developing pyelonephritis in pregnancy, leading to adverse obstetric outcomes such as prematurity, low birth weight [7], higher foetal mortality rates [8], and maternal mortality [9]. Therefore, a proper screening and adequate treatment of UTI during pregnancy is necessary to prevent the UTI complications [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can the Griess Nitrite Test and a Urinary Pus Cell Count of ≥5 Cells Per Micro Litre of Urine in Pregnant Women be Used for the Screening or the Early Detection of Urinary Tract Infections in Rural India?

Thakre¹

2012

JCDR

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Objectives: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common problem in pregnancy due to the morphological and the physiological changes that take place in the genitourinary tract during pregnancy. Screening methods may be useful, because a full bacteriological analysis could be reserved for those patients who are symptomatic or those who have positive screening test results. The exact prevalence of UTI in rural, pregnant women is unknown. The present study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of UTI in pregnant women and for ascertaining the utility of the Griess Nitrite test and the Urinary Pus Cell Count of ≥5 cells per micro litre test for the screening or the early detection of UTI in them at primary health care clinics. Occurrence of urinary complaints was compared in UTI and non UTI women. Method:We conducted a study on 300 randomly selected, pregnant women from rural areas. Urine cultures, pus-cell counts and the Griess nitrite test were used for diagnosis of UTI. The screening tests for UTI were evaluated in terms of their sensitivity, specificity, Positive Predictive Value (PPV), Negative Predictive Value (NPV) and the percentage of correctly classified. Results:In the present study, the prevalence of UTI was found to be 29/300 (9.6%, 95% confidence interval 9.57-9.63). The specificities of the two screening tests were comparable (97.05% and 94.47%). Also, the negative predictive values of the two tests were almost similar (97.77% and 96.96%). The percentage of correctly classified by the Griess nitrite test and the urine pus cell count were found to be 95.33% and 92.33% respectively. The proportion of the women with various urinary complaints was significantly higher (P<0.00) in the UTI subjects as compared to that in the non-UTI subjects. Conclusion:Urine culture remains the gold standard for the detection of asymptomatic bacteriuria. The Nitrite test of uncentrifuged urine was observed to be the best among the screening tests which were evaluated in terms of their efficiency and validity. InTROduCTIOnUrinary Tract Infection (UTI) is a common problem in pregnancy due to the morphological and the physiological changes that take place in the genitourinary tract during pregnancy [1]. It can be symptomatic or asymptomatic [2]. The prevalence of UTI in India was reported to be 3.14-19.87% [3][4][5]. A high prevalence of symptomatic and asymptomatic bacteriuria was found, which was 19.87% and 4.34% respectively [5]. Most of the centres perform a routine analysis of the midstream urine specimen during one or more antenatal visits. However, a full bacteriological analysis is both time-consuming and expensive and a vast majority of the antenatal urine specimens will be negative to the culture [1]. Screening methods may be useful because a full bacteriological analysis could be reserved for those patients who are symptomatic or those who have a positive screening test results. The upper urinary tract infections in particular, may lead to significant morbidity for both the mother and foetus [6]. Bacteriur...

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Urinary Tract Infections in Pregnancy

Cited by 92 publications

References 80 publications

Asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy attending at tertiary care of Nepal

Asymptomatic UTI in pregnancy attending at tertiary care of Nepal

Urinary tract infections at first antenatal check-up: a single centre prospective study

Can the Griess Nitrite Test and a Urinary Pus Cell Count of ≥5 Cells Per Micro Litre of Urine in Pregnant Women be Used for the Screening or the Early Detection of Urinary Tract Infections in Rural India?

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