Urinary Tract Infection and Kidney Transplantation: a Review of Diagnosis, Causes and Current Clinical Approach

Castañeda, D.A.; León, Kevin; Martin, Roger; Rebolledo, Leonardo Andrés López; Pérez, Hernando; Lozano, E.

doi:10.1097/00007890-201211271-01049

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…26 In recent years, many medical groups assumed this pathologic process to be a benign disease in RTx. However, in- …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis

Dong

Yun-hong

et al. 2016

American Journal of Infection Control

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“…26 In recent years, many medical groups assumed this pathologic process to be a benign disease in RTx. However, in- …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…26 Aggressive treatment and prophylaxis for UTIs may then be more important than previously realized in the setting of RTx. Several previous studies have shown that the incidence of UTIs in RTx was much higher than that observed in the general population.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis

Dong

Yun-hong

et al. 2016

American Journal of Infection Control

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“…3,7,[11][12][13] Immunosuppressive agents and contamination by outside environmental sources are the 2 major risk factors that reportedly affect UTI rate, especially within the first 6 months after RT. 2,7,14 Studies have reported UTI rates of 35% to 79% after transplant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Infections are one of the commonest complications after RT. 2,3 In particular, immunosuppressive therapy leads to patients being more prone to infections. The most common infection after RT is urinary tract infection (UTI), which has an incidence rate of 45% to 72%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

Yabanoğlu

Alışkan²,

Çalışkan³

et al. 2015

Exp Clin Transplant

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Objectives: This study aimed to compare renal transplant recipients with and without infection with respect to demographic and clinical characteristics as well as risk factors; to determine the incidence of posttransplant infections; and to study the antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial species identified as the causative organisms in posttransplant infections. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 136 patients undergoing renal transplant in a 4-year period. The patients were categorized into 2 groups. The 2 groups were compared with each other with respect to general clinical and demographic variables and the number and frequency of infectious attacks within a 1-year follow-up, infection type, and antibiotic resistance patterns. Results: Ninety-two (67.6%) of the subjects were male and 44 (32.4%) were female. A total of 57 (41.9%) patients developed 128 infectious attacks. Urinary tract infections were the most common infections (42.1%). There was a significant correlation between a clinically relevant urinary culture proliferation and postoperative infection rate (P = .002). There was a significant correlation between antimicrobial resistance and the number of infectious attacks (P = .023). There was a significant correlation between the proliferation of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-positive Enterobactericeae species and the number of infectious attacks (P = .000). Conclusions: Presence of a clinically relevant proliferation in the preoperative urinary culture, which was identified as a risk factor for infection, increased the number of infectious attacks. Moreover, Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamasepositive Enterobactericeae species increased the number of infections. These 2 principle results should be taken into account in patient management.

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“…Renal transplant recipients develop UTIs more frequently than the general population; in particular, UTIs are more common during the first months after transplantation, and can predispose the patient to allograft pyelonephritis [1][2][3][4]. Early and specific detection of such medical problems is thus of utmost importance to warrant the appropriate treatment to be started on time or the treatment approach modified, if necessary [3][4][5].…”

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confidence: 99%

Acute pyelonephritis in transplanted kidneys: can diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging be useful for diagnosis and follow-up?

et al. 2016

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Purpose: To assess reliability of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) in the management of acute pyelonephritis (APN) foci in transplanted kidneys. Materials and methods: In the 2012-2014 period, 24 kidney-transplanted patients underwent MR screening for clinical suspicion of APN. Two readers independently analyzed all images, establishing presence and location of APN foci. The 22 patients who were positive at the MR exam constituted the study population. For each patient the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was measured in the APN foci and in three sites of the healthy parenchyma (case-control comparison). The data were matched to the laboratory measurements for white blood cell, C-reactive protein, and serum creatinine. Results: Forty-six APN foci were found in 22/24 patients. At the acute stage, the difference in ADC between healthy parenchyma and APN foci was significant (2.06 ± 0.16 vs. 1.43 ± 0.32 9 10 -3 mm 2 /s; p < 0.0001). The performance of ADC as APN indicator was tested by the receiving operating characteristics (ROC) curve: the area under curve AUC = 0.99 witnessed an excellent discriminatory ability, with threshold APN/normal parenchyma 1.9 9 10 -3 mm 2 /s. At the 1-month follow-up 43/46 APN foci were no longer visible, with ADC values significantly higher than at the acute stage; all laboratory data were physiological, with WBC significantly reduced from the acute phase (5.2 ± 1.6 9 10 9 /L vs. 10.6 ± 4.8 9 10 9 /L; p < 0.0001). The other 3 patients underwent further therapy and exams, including a third MR.Conclusions: DW-MRI with ADC measurement seems to be a reliable tool in diagnosing and monitoring APN foci in transplanted kidneys, with clinical impact on patient management.

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Urinary Tract Infection and Kidney Transplantation: a Review of Diagnosis, Causes and Current Clinical Approach

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis

The prevalence and predictive factors of urinary tract infection in patients undergoing renal transplantation: A meta-analysis

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Acute pyelonephritis in transplanted kidneys: can diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging be useful for diagnosis and follow-up?

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