Mucormycosis is a rare but invasive fungal disease with high mortality. The present study aimed to retrospectively investigate the demographic characteristics, as well as the clinical, radiological and laboratory features and the results of treatment, in the patients followed in our hospital because of mucormycosis. The present study retrospectively evaluated 28 cases, which were followed in our hospital because of mucormycosis between January 2002 and July 2013. The clinical form was rhinocerebral in 27 cases (rhinoorbital in 12, nasal in 8 and rhinoorbitocerebral in 7) and disseminated in one case. With regard to predisposing factors, diabetes mellitus (n = 20), haematological malignancy (n = 6) and chronic renal insufficiency (n = 5) were the leading concomitant diseases. Seventeen (61%) of 28 cases showed atypical clinical picture. With regard to the therapeutic outcomes; it was found that 14 (50%) cases died and six cases recovered with sequel. Today, when particularly the prevalence of immunosuppressive diseases and conditions are gradually increasing, the incidence of mucormycosis is also increased. Considering that the majority of our cases had atypical clinical involvement and complications, being familiar with the characteristics of this disease could be life-saving together with early diagnosis and treatment.

Brucellosis is the most common anthropozoonosis, with more than 500,000 cases annually. While the disease was eradicated in the vast majority of industrialized regions around the world, it remains a significant public health concern, mainly in the Mediterranean littoral, the Middle East, the Arabian Peninsula, the Indian subcontinent, Asia, Africa, and Central and South America (19,26).Turkey is a relatively large country in the eastern Mediterranean region, with a geographical surface of 783,562 km 2 , and comprises seven regions. It has a population of 72 million, 70% of which lives in cities and 30% in rural areas. Brucellosis is endemic, and approximately 10,000 human brucellosis cases are reported annually. The reported incidence is 150 cases per 1 million inhabitants (24). Its prevalence varies widely from region to region due to several factors, including food habits, milk processing methods, husbandry practices, nomadism, social customs, climatic conditions, socioeconomic status, and environmental conditions. A steady increase of reported human cases was observed from 1986 (3.03/100,000 population) until 2004 (25.65/100,000). Livestock vaccination, elimination of infected animals, control of animal movements, and education induced a decline in the number of annually reported human cases, from 18,563 cases in 2004 to 9,818 cases in 2008 (17).Rapid and accurate typing procedures are crucial for epidemiologic surveillance, investigation of outbreaks, and follow-up of a control program. Many molecular typing methods commonly used for the subtyping of isolates of other bacterial species are not appropriate for routine typing of Brucella strains, and none has proven to be fully satisfactory for epidemiological trace-back investigations of brucellosis (1,9,25). Recently, a selection of 16 variable-number tandem repeats has been proposed for fingerprinting Brucella isolates (7,14,25). This multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis (MLVA) genotyping system, MLVA-16 Orsay , comprised eight minisatellite markers (panel 1, Bruce06, Bruce08, Bruce11, Bruce12, Bruce42, Bruce43, Bruce45, and Bruce55) for species identification and eight complementary microsatellite markers (panel 2A, Bruce18, Bruce19, and Bruce21; panel

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