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Abstract

Objectives: This study aimed to compare renal transplant recipients with and without infection with respect to demographic and clinical characteristics as well as risk factors; to determine the incidence of posttransplant infections; and to study the antibiotic resistance patterns of bacterial species identified as the causative organisms in posttransplant infections. Materials and Methods: This study included a total of 136 patients undergoing renal transplant in a 4-year period. The patients were categorized into 2 groups. The 2 groups were compared with each other with respect to general clinical and demographic variables and the number and frequency of infectious attacks within a 1-year follow-up, infection type, and antibiotic resistance patterns. Results: Ninety-two (67.6%) of the subjects were male and 44 (32.4%) were female. A total of 57 (41.9%) patients developed 128 infectious attacks. Urinary tract infections were the most common infections (42.1%). There was a significant correlation between a clinically relevant urinary culture proliferation and postoperative infection rate (P = .002). There was a significant correlation between antimicrobial resistance and the number of infectious attacks (P = .023). There was a significant correlation between the proliferation of Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase-positive Enterobactericeae species and the number of infectious attacks (P = .000). Conclusions: Presence of a clinically relevant proliferation in the preoperative urinary culture, which was identified as a risk factor for infection, increased the number of infectious attacks. Moreover, Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamasepositive Enterobactericeae species increased the number of infections. These 2 principle results should be taken into account in patient management.

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis and treatment of recurrent urinary tract infection in kidney transplant recipients

“…We found that the urinary tract in KTRs with RUTI harbored a rich and complex microbiota by mNGS, in which the dominant groups of bacteria were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Micrococcus luteus, Lactobacillus iners , and Enterococcus . Previous studies showed that Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus mirabilis, Enterococcus , and Staphylococcus putrefaciens were the most common pathogenic microorganisms in general urinary tract infections ( 20 – 22 ), which were slightly different from our findings. These outcomes suggest that RUTI in KTRs is attributable not only to relapse with the original infecting strain but also to reinfection with a new strain.…”