Urban Social Capital: Civil Society and City Life

Social Networks Analysis in Accounting and Finance*

“…Some recent studies examine the role of social capital on economic decisions at the regional level, where social capital is defined as “the norms and networks that facilitate collective action” (Woolcock 2001, 13). Typically, “a high social‐capital region has individuals that have a greater propensity to honor an obligation and a greater mutual trust within a much denser network, all of which facilitate collective actions” (Jha and Chen 2015, 613) and potentially mitigate agency problems (Hoi et al 2019), resulting in more innovation (Gupta et al 2020), lower bank loan spreads (Hasan et al 2017a), higher profitability (Lins et al 2017), lower levels of CEO compensation (Hoi et al 2019), and lower audit fees (Jha and Chen 2015).…”

More than spatial coordination – How Dutch agricultural collectives foster social capital for effective governance of agri-environmental measures

“…When analyzing social capital in networks it is often distinguished between different functions of social capital: bonding social capital occurs within a social group and is tied to strong connectedness; bridging social capital links different social groups; and linking social capital refers to vertical linkages between social groups and policy actors at higher level (Woolcock, 2001;Putnam, 2000;Granovetter, 1973). According to Szreter (2002), the dynamic balance between bonding, bridging and linking social capital facilitates democratic governance, which was confirmed for the context of the Dutch collectives (Westerink et al, 2020).…”

Understanding Sporting Social Media Brand Communities, Place and Social Capital: A Netnography of Football Fans

“…Several sub-types of social capital exist, however for purposes of this study, we focus on the most prevalent forms, bonding and bridging, for uncovering knowledge relating to digital placemaking. Woolcock (2001, p. 10) described bonding social capital as the “relations between family members, close friends, and neighbours.” Helliwell and Putnam, (2004, p. 1436) also note the strong connection of bonding social capital which is “embodied in bonds among family, friends and neighbours, in the workplace, at church, in civic associations, perhaps even in Internet based ‘virtual communities.’” Bridging social capital refers to ties that are weaker than bonding, consisting of “distant ties such as loose friendships and workmates” (Woolcock, 2001, p. 10). Bridging social capital creates links between different groups including those “that cut across various lines of social cleavage” (Helliwell & Putnam, 2004, p. 1437).…”

“…Some of these fans were biologically related as brothers, sisters or parents. The word family was also used to refer to other fans who were close friends, season ticket holders and players who referred to each other as family in a metaphorical sense where bonding social capital typically exists (Woolcock, 2001). We argue that these findings have strong connections to Edensor and Millington’s (2008) views on place identity and football clubs, suggesting that the locally embedded nature of the club and how this is communicated is pivotal to successful placemaking strategies.…”