Uptake of 15NH3 by Picea abies in Closed Chamber Experiments

Bruckner, Gabriele; Gebauer, Gerhard; Schulze, Ernst Detlef

doi:10.1080/10256019308046137

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Local deposition conditions with much higher deposition rates of most elements at the site in Denmark and the structure of the canopy (hight of the tree and needle mass) might explain these controverse findings and a steeper gradient seems to be typical for younger sites. Furthermore, the nutritional status of the trees will affect canopy processes like leaching and N-uptake and will thereby modify spatial patterns of throughfall chemistry (Bruckner et al, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and selected soil properties as influenced by stem distance in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies, Karst.) stand

Seiler

Matzner

1995

Plant Soil

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Our aims were to investigate the spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and soil parameters as influenced by stem distance and to evaluate the implication of the observed systematic and random patterns for the sampling strategy.One hundred throughfall samplers with a sampling area of 106 cm 2 each were established in a systematic grid around 5 trees in a mature Norway spruce; site of the Fichtelgebirge (Germany). One hundred soil cores were taken with an auger of 50 cm 2 next to the throughfall samplers. Soil samples were stratified according to genetic soil horizons and analysed for pH, exchangeable NH +, SO~-and total-S. Throughfall samples were collected over a period of 6 months. For each sampler an aliquod sample was mixed over the observation period and analysed for major ions.The spatial variability of the element concentrations in throughfall, expressed by the coefficient of variance, was 21-164%, depending on the element considered. For precipitation volume, the coefficient of variance was only 3%. The distance to the stem influenced most element concentrations in throughfall with increasing concentrations approaching the stem. Steepest gradients were observed in case of SO 2-and H + .The spatial variability of the investigated soil parameters was also very high with the exception of pH. The SO42--content of the forest floor reflected the gradients observed in throughfall, while for the other investigated soil parameters and soil horizons no significant relations to stem distance were found.To determine site representative throughfall concentrations and soil properties with the sample volumes and time intervals we used, the number of samples required to get a statistical error of less than 10 % (with 95 % probability) can be very high. In case of throughfall, more than 100, and in case of the soil parameters, more than 300 replicates would be required.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and selected soil properties as influenced by stem distance in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies, Karst.) stand

Seiler

Matzner

1995

Plant Soil

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“…4. Deposition of anthropogenic nitrogen compounds (such as NOx NH3, HNO3, NO~-and NH4 ~) plays an important role as nitrogen source for this for- est vegetation (Bruckner et al, 1993;Gebauer et al, 1991;Schulze and Gebauer, 1989). The scarce data that are presently available on isotopic composition of these compounds indicate that gaseous anthropogenic nitrogen depositions to forests may be depleted in ZSN.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The declining stand grows on a podzol, while the healthy stand grows on a podzolic cambisol with higher calcium and magnesium and lower aluminum concentrations in the soil solution than found at the declining stand (Kaupenjohann, 1989). In the years before needle sampling for this study mean annual inputs from bulk precipitation at the two stands were 63 mmol m -2 a-1 for ammonium, 72 mmol m -2 a -t for nitrate and 73 mmol m -z a-l for sulfate (Hantschel, 1987) and mean concentrations of man-made trace gases in the atmosphere were 0.82 (winter) or 0.56/~mol m -~ (summer) for NOx 0.73 (winter) or 0.29/1tool m -3 (summer) for SOs (measured at the declining site, Schulze, 1989) and 0.07 (winter) or 0.16 pmol m -3 (summer) for NH3 (measured at the healthy site, Bruckner et al, 1993).…”

Section: Sites Of Investigationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Input of these nitrogen and sulfur compounds into forests occurs by wet or dry deposition to the tree canopy and to the forest floor. Trees can not prevent a passive uptake of considerable amounts of gaseous and aerosolic depositions (such as NOx NH3, HNO3 and SO2), because these substances diffuse through the stomates (Bruckner et al, 1993;. At least some of these gaseous depositions react with compounds of the cuticle and the bark as recently shown for NOx (Kisser-Priesack and Gebauer, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isotope ratios and concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in needles and soils of Picea abies stands as influenced by atmospheric deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds

et al. 1994

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Concentrations and natural isotope abundance of total sulfur and nitrogen as well as sulfate and nitrate concentrations were measured in needles of different age classes and in soil samples of different horizons from a healthy and a declining Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) forest in the Fichtelgebirge (NE Bavaria, Germany), in order to study the fate of atmospheric depositions of sulfur and nitrogen compounds.The mean ~ZSN of the needles ranged between -3.7 and -2.1%o and for ~345 a range between -0.4 and +0.9%0 was observed. ~34S and sulfur concentrations in the needles of both stands increased continuously with needle age and thus, were closely correlated. The ~lSN values of the needles showed an initial decrease followed by an increase with needle age. The healthy stand showed more negative 615N values in old needles than the declining stand. Nitrogen concentrations decreased with needle age.For soil samples at both sites the mean ~9~N and ~348 values increased from -3 %0 (~I~N) or +0.9 %~ (~345) in the uppermost organic layer to about +4 %o (~StSN) or +4.5 %0 (~534S) in the mineral soil. This depth-dependent increase in abundance of 15N and 345 was accompanied by a decrease in total nitrogen and sulfur concentrations in the soil. dZSN values and nitrogen concentrations were closely correlated (slope -0.0062 %~ ~lSN per pmol eq N g~-~),and ~534S values were linearly correlated with sulfur concentrations (slope -0.0576 %0 ~345 per/zmol eq S -t gdw )-It follows that in the same soil samples sulfur concentrations were linearly correlated with the nitrogen concentrations (slope 0.0527), and ~345 values were linearly correlated with ~15N values (slope 0.459). A correlation of the sulfur and nitrogen isotope abundances on a A basis (which considers the different relative frequencies of lSN and 34S), however, revealed an isotope fractionation that was higher by a factor of 5 for sulfur than for nitrogen (slope 5.292). These correlations indicate a long term synchronous mineralization of organic nitrogen and sulfur compounds in the soil accompanied by element-specific isotope fractionations.Based on different sulfur isotope abundance of the soil (~534S = 0.9 %o for total sulfur of the organic layer was assumed to be equivalent to about -1.0 %o for soil sulfate) and of the atmospheric SO2 deposition (~34S = 2.0 %~ at the healthy site and 2.3 %o at the declining site) the contribution of atmospheric SO2 to total sulfur of the needles was estimated. This contribution increased from about 20 % in current-year needles to more than 50 % in 3-year-old needles. The proportion of sulfur from atmospheric deposition was equivalent to the age dependent sulfate accumulation in the needles. In contrast to the accumulation of atmospheric sulfur compounds nitrogen compounds from atmospheric deposition were metabolized and were used for growth. The implications of both responses to atmospheric deposition are discussed.

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“…For this reason, high N/X foliar ratios are used as an indicator of N-saturation (Bruckner et al, 1993;Thomas and Büttner, 1998;Fenn et al, 1998;Stefan and Fürst, 1998), where X = Ca, Mg, K, P. The presence of a negative correlation between N and P when accompanied by high N/P ratios is also used as a sign of nitrogen enrichment (Fenn et al, 1996). The forests which were studied were not considered to be N-saturated since none of these symptoms were present.…”

Section: Table IImentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Status of Northern Spain Beech Forests Wate 4915

Amores

Bermejo

Elustondo

et al. 2006

Water Air Soil Pollut

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Fagus sylvatica L. is the most representative tree species in forests of Navarre (Northern Spain), in the boundary between the Euro-Siberian and Mediterranean regions. In this paper we assess the nutritional status of 30 beech forest stands selected in this area which belong to three vegetation series: Saxifrago hirsutae -Fageto sylvaticae S., Scillo lilio-hyacinthi -Fageto sylvaticae S. and Carici sylvaticae -Fageto sylvaticae S. We also determine the foliar content of sodium (Na), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), nitrogen (N) phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) for these stands. Additionally, the crown condition was also assessed. Average stand values for Ca, Na, Mg and K foliar content were found to be above the reference values in many of the stands. Consequently, macronutrient ratios for these elements (N/Ca, K/Ca, Ca/Mg and K/Mg) were either above or below the range considered to be suitable for the harmonious growth of beech trees, but no evidence was found that this had a deleterious effect on the health status of the beech trees. Results showed that crown condition in these stands was good, with an average 12.2% of trees considered as damaged compared to an EU 22.8% for the same period. No symptoms of Nsaturation were found; on the contrary, N is believed to still be a limiting factor for tree growth in the area.

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Uptake of ¹⁵NH₃ by Picea abies in Closed Chamber Experiments

Cited by 16 publications

References 7 publications

Spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and selected soil properties as influenced by stem distance in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies, Karst.) stand

Spatial variability of throughfall chemistry and selected soil properties as influenced by stem distance in a mature Norway spruce (Picea abies, Karst.) stand

Isotope ratios and concentrations of sulfur and nitrogen in needles and soils of Picea abies stands as influenced by atmospheric deposition of sulfur and nitrogen compounds

Nutritional Status of Northern Spain Beech Forests Wate 4915

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