Uptake of Sevoflurane Limited by the Presence of Cholesterol in the Lipid Bilayer Membrane: A Multinuclear Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study

Kinetics of Membrane Binding and Mobility of Drugs by Multinuclear Dynamic NMR <i>in Situ</i>

“…Decreas- cedes to the higher magnetic field. This is shown by the spectra in Figure 5A in the order of c, d, and e at cholesterol concentrations from 20 mol to 40 mol [28]. The reversal of SF chemical shift to the value in water qualitatively indicates that SF uptake to the membrane is suppressed by the presence of cholesterol.…”

“…Such signal behavior means that SF is trapped from water to LUV membrane [29]. The SF trap is also confirmed by the perturbation of 1 H NMR signals of LUV lipid [28]. Decreas- cedes to the higher magnetic field.…”

“…The signal splitting is a result of spin spin coupling between the six fluorine nuclei and H α of SF molecule. When LUV is present, the SF signal moves to a lower magnetic field and broadened [28]. The signal movement and broadening is observed most typically in LUV without containing cholesterol (the spectrum b in Figure 5A).…”

“…Okamura As illustrated in Figure 5A, the 19 F NMR spectrum of SF in water (a) is of multiplet shape due to six fluorine nuclei of two CF 3 groups [28]. The signal splitting is a result of spin spin coupling between the six fluorine nuclei and H α of SF molecule.…”

“…Okamura et al have applied high-resolution solution NMR to the delivery study of a fluorinated anesthetic, sevoflurane (SF, fluoromethyl 2,2,2-trifluoro-1-[trifluoromethyl]ethyl ether) to cholesterol-containing membrane at a clinically relevant concentration [28].…”