Upside - down composites: Fabricating piezoceramics at room temperature

Dielectric Properties of Upside-Down SrTiO3/Li2MoO4 Composites Fabricated at Room Temperature

“…This result indicates that the drying time could be optimized to 3 h, which is beneficial in terms of time and energy consumption for the RTF process. As reported in the study (Nelo et al, 2019b) and further verified during our experimental work, the same effect is obtained when the ceramic is dried in a desiccator for longer than 48 h. Nevertheless, accompanying dielectric measurements showed that shorter drying can have a detrimental effect on the relative permittivity. The dielectric properties of samples dried for 3, 6, 10, and 20 h are shown in Figure 7B.…”

“…A wide particle size distribution contributes positively to higher relative density values (Nelo et al, 2019b). The use of smaller particles (mixture 1) resulted in the lowest relative density of 76 ± 2%, while higher relative density values of 81 ± 2% and 84 ± 2% were obtained with LMO-ST mixtures 2 and 3, respectively, consisting of larger particles.…”

“…Room temperature fabrication (RTF) was developed by Kähäri et al (2014), who investigated the potential of water-soluble LMO ceramic compacts by moistening with water and post-processing at room temperature and additionally at 120 and 540 • C. Recently, RTF has gained a foothold in the field of ceramic composites. The method has been investigated on ceramic composites of lithium molybdate and lead zirconate titanate (LMO-PZT) (Nelo et al, 2019b) and lithium molybdate and barium strontium titanate (LMO-BST) (Nelo et al, 2019a) ceramic composites. RTF of bulk ceramic upside-down composites is based on the incorporation of a high loading of filler material with the required functional properties and corresponding binder in solid and partly in aqueous form.…”

Model for the cold sintering of lead zirconate titanate ceramic composites

“…All rights reserved capacitors, 32,33 battery components, 22,24,25 varistors, 11,26 and piezoelectric sensors/actuators. 18,34 Cold sintering of inorganic -inorganic composites was achieved by mixing low solubility ceramics with high solubility salts or oxides, such as Al 2 SiO 5 /NaCl, 35 PZT/Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , 18 and PZT/Li 2 MoO 4 . 34 In such cases, it is conjectured that the soluble phases lubricate the insoluble ceramics, resulting in improved compaction.…”

“…18,34 Cold sintering of inorganic -inorganic composites was achieved by mixing low solubility ceramics with high solubility salts or oxides, such as Al 2 SiO 5 /NaCl, 35 PZT/Pb(NO 3 ) 2 , 18 and PZT/Li 2 MoO 4 . 34 In such cases, it is conjectured that the soluble phases lubricate the insoluble ceramics, resulting in improved compaction. From this perspective, the sintering mechanism in the composite is expected to be very different from that in the single-phase case.…”