Upper and Lower Body Strength in Relation to Ball Speed During a Serve by Male Collegiate Tennis Players

Pugh, Steven F.

doi:10.2466/pms.97.7.867-872

Cited by 8 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In Rolland Garros for example, from 2002 to 2009 the mean difference in average serving speed has been reported to increase from 165,1 to 188,9 km/h, the percentage of first serve accuracy from 60,2% to 64,2% and aces from 2.2 to 8,6 (Pollard, Pollard, Barnett & Zeleznikow, 2009;Born, 2011). Considering that in this period there was no change in athletes body characteristics, we may support the hypothesis that serve speed is independent of body strength or advantages due to body characteristic, although depends on improved tennis serve technique, as has been mentioned in recent studies (Pugh, Kovaleski, Heitman, & Gilley, 2003;Reid, Elliott & Alderson, 2007;Reid, Whiteside, & Elliott, 2011). Another research examined the contribution of muscle activation of selected muscle groups involved in tennis serve.…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

Untitled

2017

JPES

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Eye and hand dominance, as a laterality index, represents structural and functional asymmetries of brain hemispheres. Their contribution to phylogenic and ontogenetic development of human, have been well documented by neuroscientific data. Since the second half of the twentieth century, researchers and sport psychologists, were concerned with the contribution of hand and eye dominance to aiming skills. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of ipsilateral and contralateral eye-hand dominance in tennis serve accuracy. Forty-one right handed amateur tennis players, 22 males and 19 females, mean age 20,9 (SD= ±0.66 years) participated in this study. The mean training age in this period was one to three years. According to ipsilateral and contralaterar eye-hand dominance, sample was divided into two groups: contralateral eye-hand dominance group, including 21 participants (11 males and 10 females) and ipsilateral eye-hand dominance group, including 20 participants (11 males and 9 females). Hand dominance was defined by two different tests, showing the same results. Participants were asked to serve 20 times (10 serves from the "deuce side" of court and 10 from the "advantage side"). Serve accuracy was examined by two experienced, independent examiners. One way Anova analysis has shown no significant differences in accuracy test between the two groups of contralateral and ispilateral eye-hand dominance. However, contralateral group achieved higher scores in accuracy from the deuce court with mean score 5,71 against 5,45 of the ipsilateral goup. Those findings are in contrast to previous studies with regard to aiming tasks. On another study which is currently in progress, the hypothesis about the impact of ipsilateral and contralateral hand-eye dominance on tennis serves accuracy is being examined in professional tennis players.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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2017

JPES

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“…These data are completely normal as it is known that men have faster serves than women in professional tennis (Pugh, Kovaleski, Heitman & Gilley 2003;Fleisig, Nicholls, Elliott & Escamilla 2003). Andy Roddick's serve has been measured at 249.4km /h, while in women Venus Williams' serve only at 207,6km /h.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

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2014

JPES

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Abstract:The purpose of this study was to investigate the accuracy and speed of serve in tennis depending on the placement of palm across the racket grip inwards or outwards. Apart from the personal grip two additional kinds of grip were examined, one with the wrist two cm "inwards" and a second with two cm "outwards", from the tip of the handle of the racket.The research sample consisted of 31 tennis players, 16 advanced and 15 intermediate, aged 23±3,4 years old. The players performed 10 serves with each one of the three types of grip, aiming to achieve both valid and high speed serves. The measurement of speed was achieved with the use of a radar gun. Differences in the performance were tested using ANOVA analysis, while differences in speed of valid and invalid services among the three kinds of grips were tested using the Wilcoxon Test. The results indicated statistically significant differences between the two genders (P<.001). The differences among the grips were also statistically significant (P<.05). The advanced players showed better results using their personal grip. However the intermediate players using the "inconvenient" wrist position 2 cm "outwards" the handle, showed better results regarding the speed of serve and especially the speed of invalid serves (P<.05). The use of this type of grip without firmness produced serves of higher speed, probably due to the freedom in wrist and the longer lever that it offers. The current research reveals that when an intermediate player wants to change the serve technique, in order to achieve higher speed in serve, a change to position 2cm "outwards" off the handle would probably provide better results, but it should be combined with more training for high accuracy achievement.

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“…While the leg strength of the major league players is 185,1±9,6 kg, minor league players' is 173,9±10,1 kg [22]. In the literature, although there are studies that accept there is a moderate to low level of relationship between ball speed and upper extremity isokinetic strength [16], in some studies it is stated that no relationship is found between the two [23]. In their study, Gelen and et.al state that there is a negative relationship between the ball speed in the serve throwing of tennis players and mesomorphic values (p<0,01).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of the leg and back strength of the serve and tennis players to the serve throwing speed and agility

Kaya

Soyal

Karakuş

2018

PES

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Background and Study Aim:The aim of this study was to examine the effect of leg and back strength on serve throwing speed and agility of 19-23 year old male tennis players who are studying at university. Material and Methods: Twelve male tennis players, aged between 19 and 23, who were studying at university in Kayseri participated in the study voluntarily. Individuals who played tennis for at least 5 days per week participated in the study and leg and back strength measurements and their relation with the serve and agility were compared. Results: In the study, leg strength test, back strength test, agility test and serve throwing speed tests were applied to the subjects. These tests reveal a significant relation between back strength and serve throwing speed (R=,660, R2=,435; p<,050). When the t-test results on the significance of the regression coefficient are examined, it is seen that back strength level (t=2,774, p = ,024) affects serve throwing speed and explains approximately 43% of the total variance. There is a significant relation between leg strength and serve throwing speed (R=,586, R2=,343; p<,050). When the t-test results on the significance of the regression coefficient are examined, it is seen that leg strength level affects serve throwing speed and it explains approximately 34% of the total variance. Conclusions: As a consequence, it has been revealed that leg strength and back strength in tennis players have a statistical relationship with agility and serve throwing speed. For this reason, it is considered necessary to apply training programs to improve leg and back strength in trainings.

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Upper and Lower Body Strength in Relation to Ball Speed During a Serve by Male Collegiate Tennis Players

Cited by 8 publications

References 8 publications

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The effect of the leg and back strength of the serve and tennis players to the serve throwing speed and agility

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