Updated protocol: Effects of second responder programs on repeat incidents of family abuse: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Police training programs to improve officer recognition and responses to radicalisation and terrorism (Davis et al, 2021).…”

Section: Types Of Intervention/problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

PROTOCOL: Criminal justice interventions for preventing terrorism and radicalisation: An evidence and gap map

Sydes

Hine

Higginson

et al. 2022

“…• Police training programs to improve officer recognition and responses to radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism (Davis et al, 2021) • Police working with communities to build resilience to protect against the influence of extremist messages and recruiters Mazerolle et al, 2020; • Court officials mandating participation in rehabilitation programs designed to counter violent extremism • Corrections agencies installing terrorist wings within prisons to separate radicalised prisoners or prisoners convicted of terrorist acts from the general prison population (van der Heide & Kearney, 2020)…”

Section: Types Of Intervention/problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similar to other reviews (e.g., Davis et al, 2021;Mazerolle et al, 2020), titles/abstracts written in a language other than English were translated using Google Translate to determine potential eligibility for the EGM. Fulltext documents in a language other than English were translated using Google Translate to ascertain eligibility.…”

Section: Types Of Location/situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Criminal justice interventions for preventing radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism: An evidence and gap map

Sydes,

Hine,

Higginson

et al. 2023

BackgroundCriminal justice agencies are well positioned to help prevent the radicalisation of individuals and groups, stop those radicalised from engaging in violence, and reduce the likelihood of terrorist attacks. This Evidence and Gap Map (EGM) presents the existing evidence and gaps in the evaluation research.ObjectivesTo identify the existing evidence that considers the effectiveness of criminal justice interventions in preventing radicalisation, violent extremism and terrorism.Search MethodsWe conducted a comprehensive search of the academic and grey literature to locate relevant studies for the EGM. Our search locations included the Global Policing Database (GPD), eight electronic platforms encompassing over 20 academic databases, five trial registries and over 30 government and non‐government websites. The systematic search was carried out between 8 June 2022 and 1 August 2022.Selection CriteriaWe captured criminal justice interventions published between January 2002 and December 2021 that aimed to prevent radicalisation, violent extremism, and/or terrorism. Criminal justice agencies were broadly defined to include police, courts, and corrections (both custodial and community). Eligible populations included criminal justice practitioners, places, communities or family members, victims, or individuals/groups who are radicalised or at risk of becoming radicalised. Our map includes systematic reviews, randomised controlled trials, and strong quasi‐experimental studies. We placed no limits on study outcomes, language, or geographic location.Data Collection and AnalysisOur screening approach differed slightly for the different sources, but all documents were assessed in the systematic review software program DistillerSR on the same final eligibility criteria. Once included, we extracted information from studies using a standardised form that allowed us to collect key data for our EGM. Eligible systematic reviews were assessed for risk of bias using the AMSTAR 2 critical appraisal tool.Main ResultsThe systematic search identified 63,763 unique records. After screening, there were 70 studies eligible for the EGM (from 71 documents), of which two were systematic reviews (assessed as moderate quality), 16 were randomised controlled trials, and 52 were strong quasi‐experimental studies. The majority of studies (n = 58) reported on policing interventions. Limited evidence was found related to courts or corrections interventions. The impact of these interventions was measured by a wide variety of outcomes (n = 50). These measures were thematically grouped under nine broad categories including (1) terrorism, (2) extremism or radicalisation, (3) non‐terror related crime and recidivism, (4) citizen perceptions/intentions toward the criminal justice system and government, (5) psychosocial, (6) criminal justice practitioner behaviours/attitudes/beliefs, (7) racially targeted criminal justice practices, (8) investigation efficacy, and (9) organisational factors. The most commonly assessed outcomes included measures of terrorism, investigation efficacy, and organisational factors. Very limited research assessed intervention effectiveness against measures of extremism and/or radicalisation.Authors’ ConclusionsConducting high‐quality evaluation research on rare and hidden problems presents a challenge for criminal justice research. The map reveals a number of significant gaps in studies evaluating criminal justice responses to terrorism and radicalisation. We conclude that future research should focus attention on studies that consolidate sound measurement of terrorism‐related outcomes to better capture the potential benefits and harms of counter‐terrorism programs, policies and practices which involve criminal justice agencies.

“…There are several deviations from the protocol for this review that deserve mention (see Davis et al, 2021). In the initial protocol, we did not discuss the use of victim services as a secondary outcome.…”

Section: Deviations From Protocolmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of second responder programs on repeat incidents of family abuse: An updated systematic review and meta‐analysis

Petersen

Davis

Weisburd

et al. 2022

Self Cite

Background: Family abuse is a recurrent phenomenon within a select population of households. This form of abuse can include any physical or psychological harassment that occurs between family or household members, and often involves complex mental and emotional issues that are resistant to intervention. Traditional criminal justice strategies for combating this issue have evolved over time but have frequently demonstrated limited success. Within the past few decades, multiagency programs to address repeat family abuse have gained popularity. One such program, termed "second responders," teams police officers with social service workers, victim advocates, or counselors to conduct follow-up visits with victims of family abuse following a complaint. Second responders seek to educate victims about the cyclical nature of family abuse, engage in safety planning, and/or provide service referrals. These interventions are based on the premise that victims are more likely to be receptive to crime prevention opportunities immediately following victimization. Second responder interventions have received support from the US Department of Justice and their adoption has spread in both the United States and internationally, however, there remains little conclusive evidence on their effects. Objectives: To update and extend the findings of the prior second responders systematic review and meta-analysis by synthesizing the results of published and unpublished second responder evaluations through October of 2021. This review also examines the use of victim services as a secondary outcome and incorporates a number of additional moderator analyses. Search Methods: The Global Policing Database (GPD), a repository of all experimental and quasi-experimental evaluations of policing interventions conducted since 1950, was searched using keywords related to second responder interventions and repeat family violence from 2004 to December 2019 (https://gpd.uq.edu.au/s/gpd/page/about). This search was also supplemented with additional strategies, such as reference harvesting of prior reviews, searching 2020 and 2021 volumes of leading academic journals, reviewing the reference lists of eligible studies, searching additional gray literature repositories focused on domestic violence, and consulting with eligible study authors.