Unusual non-serogroup O1 Vibrio cholerae bacteremia associated with liver disease

Abstract

A 50-year-old woman and a 31-year-old man with underlying liver disease presented with fever and signs of liver failure. The blood cultures in both cases yielded non-serogroup O1 Vibrio cholerae strains which were biochemically identical except that one strain was nonmotile. Despite treatment with antibiotics, the older patient died; the other patient survived. Both strains were found to be susceptible to most antibiotics tested in vitro. No apparent source of infection could be identified in either case.

Phenotypic and genotypic biotyping of environmental strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 isolated in Italy

“…This clone shows striking similarity to V. cholerae O1 biotype El Tor but possesses a capsule, like other non-O1 vibrios (22). Systemic infections by non-O1 V. cholerae, particularly in immunocompromised hosts (14), as well as cases of septicemia, bacteremia, meningoencephalitis, wounds, and ear infections have also been reported (34,42). More recently, in Italy a case of infection by V. cholerae O158 was described (7).…”

Cholix toxin, an eukaryotic elongation factor 2 ADP‐ribosyltransferase, interacts with Prohibitins and induces apoptosis with mitochondrial dysfunction in human hepatocytes

“…0139-infections.html) that non-O1and non-O139 V. cholerae infection shows symptoms of differing severity ranging from mild to severe diarrhea with increased risk in immunocompromised people or in people with liver disease (Couzigou, Lacombe, Girard, Vittecoq, & Meynard, 2007;Lan et al, 2014). Further, non-O1 and non-O139 V. cholerae infection is associated with liver disease (Dhar, Ghafoor, & Nasralah, 1989). The Cholix gene is conserved in 47% of NonO-1/NonO-139 groups and 16% of O-1 and O-139 groups (Purdy et al, 2010).…”

Analysis of Vibrio mimicus Clinical Strains by Arbitrarily Primed Polymerase Chain Reaction

“…This species, which is an analogue of V cholerae but not a ferment sucrose, was established by Davis et al in 1981 (7). The symptoms of the disease are nausea, vomiting, watery to dysentery-like diarrhea, and abdominal cramps with fever (7,8,17). The illnesses due to V mimicus have never caused a diarrheal epidemic as such that can be caused by V cholerae.…”