In this paper, we review a chip-interleaved multiple-access (CIMA) method for underwater acoustic communication. CIMA is commonly used for wireless radio communication, but it is rarely applied to underwater communication. We evaluated whether this CIMA method is applicable to underwater acoustic communication. We also evaluated the performance of the communication method in which a multipath profile is measured in real time by applying the CIMA method, and evaluated its performance in a simulation. The obtained results suggest that CIMA can contribute actively to underwater communication, and that the proposed communication method can reconstruct transmitted data precisely even in a multipath environment using a multipath profile obtained from a pilot signal.