Understanding the link between antimicrobial properties of dietary olive phenolics and bacterial ATP synthase

Abstract

The naturally occurring olive phenolics tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), and oleuropein are known to have antioxidant, antitumor, and antibacterial properties. In the current study, we examined whether the antimicrobial properties of tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein were linked to the inhibition of bacterial ATP synthase. Tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein inhibited Escherichia coli wild-type and mutant membrane-bound F1Fo ATP synthase to variable degrees. The growth properties of wild-type, null, and mutant strains in presence of above olive phenolics were also abrogated to variable degrees on limiting glucose and succinate. Tyrosol and oleuropein synergistically inhibited the wild-type enzyme. Comparative wild-type and mutant F1Fo ATP synthase inhibitory profiles suggested that αArg-283 is an important residue and olive phenolics bind at the polyphenol binding pocket of ATP synthase. Growth patterns of wild-type, null, and mutant strains in the presence of tyrosol, hydroxytyrosol, DHPG, and oleuropein also hint at the possibility of additional molecular targets. Our results demonstrated that ATP synthase can be used as a molecular target and the antimicrobial properties of olive phenolics in general and tyrosol in particular can be linked to the binding and inhibition of bacterial ATP synthase.

Effect of using acid whey for marinating chicken breast muscles in organic production

“…From the microbiological perspective, the antimicrobial substances contained in acid whey and lemon juice, such as organic acids, whey protein, bacteriocins and polyphenols, were responsible for the inhibition of microbial growth. The pH reduction caused by organic acids (citric, lactic) was the primary factor that affected the reduction of microorganisms (Ahmad et al, 2017;Alvadaro and Mc Kee 2007;Amini et al, 2017). In the present study it was shown that after thermal treatment no aerobic bacteria were found in both the control group and in WM and LJM.…”

A Therapeutic Connection between Dietary Phytochemicals and ATP Synthase

“…The extent of inhibition is directly proportional to the molecular level interactions which depend on the interaction between functional groups of inhibitors and binding site amino acids of ATP synthase. The molecular-level interactions between inhibitors and binding-site residues have been resolved for some and are under investigation for many [ 10 - 12 , 20 - 25 ].…”

“…The apoptotic mechanism of action of apoptolidin is through selective inhibition of F 1 F o ATP synthase [ 66 , 67 ]. Selective ATP synthase inhibition has been attributed to the type and position of amino acids in and around the inhibitor binding sites [ 22 , 25 ]. Slight variation in amino acids was shown to cause selective and specific inhibition of ATP synthase from a variety of food sources.…”

Effects of Hydroxytyrosol against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells: A Natural Therapeutic Tool for Bovine Mastitis

“…Additionally, numerous biologic activities have been ascribed to HT, although in some cases its mechanism of action has not been clarified. Of particular interest are the anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties of HT, which have been described in many diseases [ 28 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. In particular, it has been reported that HT was able to inactivate the staphylococcal enterotoxin A, a key factor in the patho-physiology of animal mastitis [ 37 ].…”