Uncertainty in the biomass of Amazonian forests: An example from Rondônia, Brazil

Brown, I. Foster; Martinelli, Luiz Antônio; Thomas, Wm. Wayt; Moreira, Marcelo Z.; Ferreira, Cid; Victoria, Reynaldo A.

doi:10.1016/0378-1127(94)03512-u

Cited by 263 publications

(193 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Les valeurs de ces deux paramètres, dont dépend à priori, fortement la biomasse végétale aérienne (Day et al, 2013), sont faibles pour les biotopes inventoriés. Elles sont, cependant, supérieures à celles des forêts semi-décidues semblables (pluviométrie annuelle comprise entre 800 et 1100 mm), de Vénézuéla (Delaney et al, 1997), de Mexique (Jaramillo et al, 2003), du Sud de l'Asie (Brown et al, 1995) et au Madagascar (Raherison et Grouzis, 2005) où la biomasse aérienne varie de 54 à 126 t ha -1 . Des forêts anciennes aux vieilles plantations, l'on assiste à des pertes de biomasse végétales aériennes allant de 8 à 32 % avec le pic de 56 % observé pendant la phase de production exponentielle (6 à 15 ans).…”

Section: Analyse Des Donnéesunclassified

Relations entre la diversité et la biomasse aérienne des espèces arborescentes dans les agroforêts traditionnelles à base de cacaoyers: Cas de la localité de Lakota (Côte d’Ivoire)

Vroh¹,

Abdoulaye²,

Constant³

et al. 2015

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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RÉSUMÉEn matière de gestion durable des systèmes agroforestiers à base de cacao, il serait important de trouver un compromis pour à la fois conserver la biodiversité et les stocks de carbone ; ce qui constituerait une alternative écologiquement soutenable à l'agriculture conventionnelle. En Afrique sub-saharienne, peu d'études ont mis la lumière sur les relations éventuelles entre la biomasse végétale et la diversité biologique dans ces systèmes. La présente étude a permis de tester ces relations dans des agroforêts à cacao de Lakota en Côte d'Ivoire. Des cacaoyères et des forêts ont été inventoriées selon la méthode des transects à aire variable. Plusieurs indices floristiques, ont été calculés et la biomasse aérienne a été estimée, pour les espèces arborescentes de dbh > 2,5 cm. Au total, 215 espèces ont été dénombrées dans l'ensemble des biotopes dont 57,2 % en forêts anciennes, 50,2 % en forêts secondaires et 26 à 45 % dans les plantations. La biomasse aérienne des arbres sur pied dans les forêts anciennes est plus élevée (203,7 t ha -1 ) que dans les plantations où la biomasse baisse jusqu'à 90,2 t ha -1 . Il n'existe pas de relations significatives entre la biomasse aérienne et la diversité des espèces dans les forêts. Dans les plantations âgées de plus de 15 ans, une forte diversité spécifique peut être bénéfique à 20 % dans l'augmentation de la biomasse sur pied. Les pratiques paysannes traditionnelle sen cacao culture peuvent donc garantircon comitamment, la diversité floristique et la biomasse qui est le facteur déterminant dans la séquestration du carbone.Mots Clés: Réchauffements climatiques, système agroforestier, Côte d'Ivoire, activité anthropique ABSTRACTFor sustainable management of cocoa based agroforestry systems, it is important to find a tradeoff to conserve both biodiversity and carbon stock; which would be an ecologically sustainable alternative to conventional agriculture. In Sub-Saharan Africa, few studies have tested relationships between plant biomass and biodiversity in these systems. This study analysed these relationships in Cocoa based agroforest in Lakota area in Côte d'Ivoire. Cocoa farms and forest patches were inventoried using the variable-area transect method. We considered all trees species with dbh> 2.5 cm. Pearson correlation was used to test probable links between aboveground biomass and diversity indexes. We recorded a total of 215 tree species in all habitats, of which 57.2% were in old growth forests, 50.2% in secondary forests and 26-45% in cocoa farms. diversity could contribute up to 20% in the aboveground biomass. The conservation of floristic diversity in cacao based agroforestry systems may represent an important factor in mitigating global warming, through the storage of large amounts of carbon.

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Section: Analyse Des Donnéesunclassified

Relations entre la diversité et la biomasse aérienne des espèces arborescentes dans les agroforêts traditionnelles à base de cacaoyers: Cas de la localité de Lakota (Côte d’Ivoire)

Vroh¹,

Abdoulaye²,

Constant³

et al. 2015

Afr. Crop Sci. J.

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“…Taxonomic identi cation was to either genus or family, referring to Gentry (1993) and Killeen et al (1993). Tree wood density values for common genera were obtained from Hidayat and Simpson (1994), Brown et al (1995) and Finegan (1996).…”

Section: Field Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sampling errors for stand biomass were estimated from two stands in Bolivia, one ve-year old and one 15 year-old, following the approach used by Brown et al (1995). In these stands, 0.28 and 0.30 ha plots were surveyed, marking each 0.01 ha sub-plot.…”

Section: Field Surveysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Satellite estimation of tropical secondary forest above-ground biomass: Data from Brazil and Bolivia

Steininger¹

2000

International Journal of Remote Sensing

356

206

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Abstract. This paper reports on a test of the ability to estimate above-ground biomass of tropical secondary forest from canopy spectral re ectance using satellite optical data. Landsat Thematic Mapper data were acquired concurrent with eld surveys conducted in secondary forest fallows near Manaus, Brazil and Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolivia. Measurements of age and above-ground live biomass were made in 34 regrowth stands. Satellite data were converted to surface re ectances and compared with regrowth stand age, biomass and structural variables.Among the Brazilian stands, signi cant relationships were observed between middle-infrared re ectance and stand age, height, volume and biomass. The canopy re ectance-biomass relationship saturated at around 15.0 kg mÕ 2, or over 15 years of age (r> 0.80, p< 0.01). In the Bolivian study area, no signi cant relationship between canopy spectral re ectance and biomass was observed. These contrasting results are probably caused by a low Sun angle during the satellite measurements from Bolivia. However, regrowth structural and general compositional di erences between the two study areas could explain the lack of a signi cant relationship in Bolivia. The results demonstrate a current potential for biomass estimation of secondary forests with satellite optical data in some, but not all, tropical regions. A discussion of the potential for regional extrapolationof spectral relationships and future satellite imagery is included.

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“…More than 50% of the carbon in Amazonian rainforest is in the form of woody biomass: tree trunks, branches and large roots (Brown et al 1995;Keller et al 2001). A number of studies (Trumbore et al 1995;Camargo et al 1999;Bernoux et al 2002;Telles et al 2003) have shown that large stocks of C in tropical soils are mostly associated with material that is preserved for centuries and longer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A better understanding of aboveground biomass distribution and tree growth across the Amazon basin is of great importance in order to understand how this region's carbon balance responds to climate variability (Schimel 1995;Houghton et al 2000;Ketterings et al 2001). The role of the Amazon region in the global balance of carbon, especially the potential of primary forests to act as a source or sink of carbon due to climatic changes depends mainly on the carbon dynamics in trees of terra-firme forest Brazilian Amazon (Schimel 1995;Houghton et al 2000;Ketterings et al 2001) where 74% of the terrestrial biomass carbon is allocated (Brown et al 1995). This is a controversial issue since several studies have proposed that the some sites within Amazon forest acts as a sink for carbon (Grace et al 1995a,b;Malhi et al 1998;Phillips et al 1998;Malhi et al 2002;Phillips et al 2002), while others may act as a small temporary source of carbon to the atmosphere (Rice et al 2004;Saleska et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forest structure and carbon dynamics in Amazonian tropical rain forests

et al. 2004

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Living trees constitute one of the major stocks of carbon in tropical forests. A better understanding of variations in the dynamics and structure of tropical forests is necessary for predicting the potential for these ecosystems to lose or store carbon, and for understanding how they recover from disturbance. Amazonian tropical forests occur over a vast area that encompasses differences in topography, climate, and geologic substrate. We observed large differences in forest structure, biomass, and tree growth rates in permanent plots situated in the eastern (near Santarém, Pará), central (near Manaus, Amazonas) and southwestern (near Rio Branco, Acre) Amazon, which differed in dry season length, as well as other factors. Forests at the two sites experiencing longer dry seasons, near Rio Branco and Santarém, had lower stem frequencies (460 and 466 ha −1 respectively), less biodiversity (Shannon-Wiener diversity index), and smaller aboveground C stocks (140.6 and 122.1 Mg C ha ), which had less seasonal variation in rainfall. The forests experiencing longer dry seasons also stored a greater proportion of the total biomass in trees with >50 cm diameter (41-45 vs 30% in Manaus). Rates of annual addition of C to living trees calculated from monthly dendrometer band measurements were 1.9 (Manaus), 2.8 (Santarém), and 2.6 (Rio Branco) Mg C ha. At all sites, trees in the 10-30 cm diameter class accounted for the highest proportion of annual growth (38, 55 and 56% in Manaus, Rio Branco and Santarém, respectively). Growth showed marked seasonality, with largest stem diameter increment in the wet season and smallest in the dry season, though this may be confounded by seasonal variation in wood water content. Year-to-year variations in C allocated to stem growth ranged from nearly zero in Rio Branco, to 0.8 Mg C ha −1 year −1 in Manaus (40% of annual mean) and 0.9 Mg C ha −1 year −1 (33% of annual mean) in Santarém, though this variability showed no significant relation with precipitation among years. Initial estimates of the C balance of live wood including recruitment and mortality as well as growth suggests that live wood biomass is at near steady-state in Manaus, but accumulating at about 1.5 Mg C ha −1 at the other two sites. The causes of C imbalance in living wood pools in Santarém and Rio Branco sites are unknown, but may be related to previous disturbance at these sites. Based on size distribution and growth rate differences in the three sites, we predict that trees in the Manaus forest have greater mean age (~240 years) than those of the other two forests (~140 years).

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Uncertainty in the biomass of Amazonian forests: An example from Rondônia, Brazil

Cited by 263 publications

References 12 publications

Relations entre la diversité et la biomasse aérienne des espèces arborescentes dans les agroforêts traditionnelles à base de cacaoyers: Cas de la localité de Lakota (Côte d’Ivoire)

Relations entre la diversité et la biomasse aérienne des espèces arborescentes dans les agroforêts traditionnelles à base de cacaoyers: Cas de la localité de Lakota (Côte d’Ivoire)

Satellite estimation of tropical secondary forest above-ground biomass: Data from Brazil and Bolivia

Forest structure and carbon dynamics in Amazonian tropical rain forests

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