Ultrathin Silicon Nanolayer Implanted Ni_xSi/Ni Nanoparticles as Superlong‐Cycle Lithium‐Ion Anode Material

Abstract

It has been claimed that the mechanical properties of electrodes in lithium‐ion batteries have a huge impact on their electrochemical performance. This is especially critical for Si‐based electrodes, which suffer from pulverization and formation of an unstable solid–electrolyte interphase during cycling. Herein, thin silicon‐coated nickel silicide nanoparticles grown on a nickel inner core support (designated as Si@NixSi/Ni) as anode material for a Li‐ion battery are reported. The ultrathin nano silicon layer contributes to achieve reasonably high energy density and allows fast Li‐ion diffusion due to its high specific capacity and shortened Li‐ion diffusion length. While the gradiently distributed NixSi layer enables the attainment of superior cycling stability and further enhances the specific capacity, the Ni inner core provides mechanical support to maintain the structural integrity of the nanoparticles during the extended lithiation/delithiation process. The Si@NixSi/Ni core–shell electrode exhibits a charge‐specific capacity of 706.1 mAh g−1 at a current density of 500 mA g−1. This structure also shows a high first‐cycle Coulombic efficiency of 81.5%. Interestingly, the Si@NixSi/Ni core–shell electrode demonstrates a cycle life of over 5000 cycles with capacity retention of 74% at a current density of 500 mA g−1.

Elucidating the Synergistic Behavior of Orientation‐Controlled SnS Nanoplates and Carbon Layers for High‐Performance Lithium‐ and Sodium‐Ion Batteries

“…[ 20 ] In the NSCs, the peaks in both the Sn 3d and S 2p spectra shifted to a higher binding energy when compared with the bare SnS samples, meaning that electrons transferred from the SnS to the carbon layers. [ 31,33,44–46 ] Interestingly, it was found that the VA‐SnS@C exhibited significantly larger shifts of the peaks in both spectra when compared to the PL‐SnS@C. This suggests that more electrons transferred to the carbon layers in the VA‐SnS@C, which is consistent with the Raman spectral observations. Moreover, new shoulder peaks at 163.71, 165.12, and 285.79 eV were observed in the S 2p and C 1s spectra for both NSC samples, which could be attributed to CS bond formation.…”

2D Graphitic Carbon Nitride for Energy Conversion and Storage

“…[ 189 ] As shown in Figure , alkali‐metal ion batteries (MIBs) are mainly composed of anode, cathode, separator, and electrolyte. [ 190–192 ] The energy storage mechanism of MIBs mainly relies on the M‐ion insertion/extraction cycles between the positive and negative electrode during the processes of charge/discharge. [ 193,194 ] Although MIBs have high energy density and long cycle life compared to other energy storage devices, they also face some problems, such as low power density and poor stability.…”

“…[189] As shown in Figure 15, alkali-metal ion batteries (MIBs) are mainly composed of anode, cathode, separator, and electrolyte. [190][191][192] The energy storage mechanism of MIBs mainly relies on the M-ion insertion/extraction cycles between the positive and negative electrode during the processes of [177] Copyright 2011, American Chemical Society. c) Proposed synthetic protocol for the MTCG.…”

Si/SiO2@Graphene Superstructures for High‐Performance Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…Up to now, silicon nanostructures have emerged from zero to 3D, such as 0D Si nanoparticles, [ 18–20 ] 1D Si nanowires, [ 21 ] 2D Si nanosheets, [ 22 ] and 3D porous nanostructures. [ 23–26 ] Nano‐silicon not only can lower the strain that is caused by the huge volume change but also has shorter Li + transfer path and larger specific surface area, enhancing the rate capability.…”