Ultrastructural changes in the cemento‐enamel junction caused by acidic beverages: An in vitro study

Abstract

The present in vitro study was aimed at evaluating the morphological changes in the cemento‐enamel junction (CEJ) after exposure to acidic beverages using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The initial pH and titratable acidity (TA) was analyzed from follow groups: (I) Coca cola, (II) orange juice, (III) Cedevita, (IV) Red Bull, (V) Somersby cider, and (VI) white wine. The CEJ samples (n = 64), obtained from unerupted third molars, were allocated to one control (artificial saliva, n = 16) and six experimental groups (n = 8). The experimental samples were immersed in beverages (50 ml) for 15 min, three times daily, 10 days, and in artificial saliva between immersions. SEM analysis was performed in a blind manner, according to scoring scale. One‐way ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc tests, as well as Kruskal–Wallis and Mann–Whitney U test used for statistical analysis. The pH values of the acidic beverages ranged from 2.65 (Coca cola) to 3.73 (orange juice), and TA ranged from 1.90 ml (Coca cola) to 5.70 ml (orange juice) of NaOH to reach pH 7.0. The SEM analysis indicated statistically significant differences between the control samples and those immersed in acidic beverages. The Groups IV, I, and II, showed the highest CEJ damage grade while those of the Group VI were the lowest. All the tested acidic beverages caused morphological changes in the CEJ with a smaller or larger exposure of dentine surface, and were not always related to the pH or TA of acidic beverages.

Color Stability of Orthodontic Ceramic Brackets and Adhesives in Potentially Staining Beverages—In Vitro Study

“…Contrary to Coca-Cola, Cedevita ® is a vitamin drink containing betanin and beta carotene pigments, which are responsible for the yellowish orange color of the drink [ 32 ]. It also contains citric acid, which is a weaker acid compared to phosphoric acid in Coca-Cola [ 33 ]. Previously mentioned factors can be a possible explanation for the lower bracket discoloration kept in Coca-Cola than in the vitamin drink (Cedevita ® ).…”

Methodology to Quantify and Screen the Demineralization of Teeth by Immersing Them in Acidic Drinks (Orange Juice, Coca-Cola™, and Grape Juice): Evaluation by ICP OES

“…On the other hand, even Coca-Cola has a lower pH than grape juice, the immersion of teeth in it resulted in a lower demineralization than grape juice. That might have happened once the erosion depends not only on pH values that disregard undissociated acid but also on other factors such as titratable acidity (TA) [ 36 ]. Actually, energy drinks have the potential to promote mineral loss on the dental enamel surface due to the low pH (from 2.1 to 3.2) and high titratable acidity [ 3 ]; grape juice presented a higher TA than Cola soft drink in a study conducted by Beltrame et al [ 15 ].…”

Erosión del esmalte dental en dientes expuestos a bebidas de origen industrial. Estudio piloto in vitro.

“…Los reportes de literatura indican que un gran porcentaje de las lesiones erosivas del esmalte se relacionan directamente con el consumo de alimentos, incluyéndose en este grupo las bebidas industrializadas, las cuales, han sido diversificadas considerablemente en los últimos años (10,11) . En este proceso de diversificación se han relacionado como factores de riesgo para la salud sistémica y oral.…”