Through my entire PhD study, I learned a lot from my colleagues in the RE Touch Lab. Discussions with Gregory Reardon about technical problems, like in physics or statistics, are always constructive and inspiring. Shantonu Biswas and Thanh Nho Do influenced me with their expertise in nanoengineering and material science. Also, I am lucky to have many supportive colleagues and friends in the lab. Anzu Kawazoe can always cheer me up with her lighthearted mood, unveiling the optimistic side of life to me. Zach Wells and Harald Schafer, beside research collaborations, brought me a lot of fun outside the lab, directing me to the ocean around Santa Barbara. I also very enjoyed the company of Yufei Hao, Taku Hachisu, Simone Fani, Jasper van der Lagemaat and Behnam Khojasteh during their visit to my lab. Starting from the time I joined the lab in Philadelphia, I have been gaining support from Marco Janko and Bin Li. I am really v grateful to have all of them as my colleagues. My friends outside the lab also helped me passing through the challenging paths toward the finish line of my PhD. I want to give special thanks to Mingwei Tang, my friend since childhood, who also obtained a PhD degree in the US. We traveled together to many sights and cities. Those trips reduced my anxiety and rebuilt my courage to march forward. I also value the friendship with Yan Kong and Zhenyu Yang, who provided me after-work entertainment in Harold Frank hall, and emotional support. I miss and appreciate the time with Pingge Jiang, Lei Song, Tao Sun, Yaou Zhou and Yanan Yang during my study in Philadelphia.I appreciate the love, care and support from my girlfriend, Huihui Zhang, during the last two years of my PhD. A delightful, sweet talk with her can always relieve my stress and hearten me, motivating me to look beyond the difficulties.Finally, I like to thank my family, especially my grandmother. I grew up bathing in her unconditional love. She was always proud of me and had the strongest belief in me, from preschool till PhD, granting me the faith to overcome any challenges. I deeply regret not being able to spend enough time with her at home.