Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Thermotropic Liquid Crystals and Image-Based Machine Learning

Xu, Yang; Rather, Adil Majeed; Song, Shuang; Fang, Jen-Chun; Dupont, Robert L.; Kara, Ufuoma I.; Chang, Yun; Paulson, Joel A.; Qin, Rongjun; Bao, Xiaoping; Wang, Xiaoguang

doi:10.1016/j.xcrp.2020.100276

Cited by 55 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…One of the interesting applications of LC elastomers is the selective detection of SARS-CoV-2 [48]. In this work, researchers used liquid crystal films of cationic surfactant dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB), which was decorated with cationic surfactant and complementary 15-mer single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) probe, to detect femtomolar concentrations of single-stranded ribonucleic acid (ssRNA) of SARS-CoV-2.…”

Section: Liquid Crystal Elastomers (Lc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactive Polymer-Based Composites for Artificial Muscle-like Actuators: A Review

et al. 2022

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Unlike traditional actuators, such as piezoelectric ceramic or metallic actuators, polymer actuators are currently attracting more interest in biomedicine due to their unique properties, such as light weight, easy processing, biodegradability, fast response, large active strains, and good mechanical properties. They can be actuated under external stimuli, such as chemical (pH changes), electric, humidity, light, temperature, and magnetic field. Electroactive polymers (EAPs), called ‘artificial muscles’, can be activated by an electric stimulus, and fixed into a temporary shape. Restoring their permanent shape after the release of an electrical field, electroactive polymer is considered the most attractive actuator type because of its high suitability for prosthetics and soft robotics applications. However, robust control, modeling non-linear behavior, and scalable fabrication are considered the most critical challenges for applying the soft robotic systems in real conditions. Researchers from around the world investigate the scientific and engineering foundations of polymer actuators, especially the principles of their work, for the purpose of a better control of their capability and durability. The activation method of actuators and the realization of required mechanical properties are the main restrictions on using actuators in real applications. The latest highlights, operating principles, perspectives, and challenges of electroactive materials (EAPs) such as dielectric EAPs, ferroelectric polymers, electrostrictive graft elastomers, liquid crystal elastomers, ionic gels, and ionic polymer–metal composites are reviewed in this article.

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Section: Liquid Crystal Elastomers (Lc)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroactive Polymer-Based Composites for Artificial Muscle-like Actuators: A Review

et al. 2022

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“…They found that the ssRNA of SARS-CoV-2 could pair with a complementary ssDNA probe and generate order change in LC. The dark image under POM appeared when the concentration of the ssRNA target was about 30 fM [ 72 ].…”

Section: Applications In Lc Biochemical Sensorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Xu et al designed an LC-based diagnostic kit for ultrasensitive detection of SARS-CoV-2 ssRNA. It was then upgraded into a smartphone-based application (app) using a machine learning strategy, leading to great potential in self-testing for SARS-CoV-2 [ 72 ]. Yang et al developed a phospholipid-decorated LC–aqueous system to explore α-synuclein and phospholipid interaction, which is essential in the pathogenesis and diagnosis of Parkinson’s disease.…”

Section: Machine-learning-assisted Lc Sensormentioning

confidence: 99%

State-of-the-Art Development in Liquid Crystal Biochemical Sensors

et al. 2022

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As an emerging stimuli-responsive material, liquid crystal (LC) has attracted great attentions beyond display applications, especially in the area of biochemical sensors. Its high sensitivity and fast response to various biological or chemical analytes make it possible to fabricate a simple, real-time, label-free, and cost-effective LC-based detection platform. Advancements have been achieved in the development of LC-based sensors, both in fundamental research and practical applications. This paper briefly reviews the state-of-the-art research on LC sensors in the biochemical field, from basic properties of LC material to the detection mechanisms of LC sensors that are categorized into LC-solid, LC–aqueous, and LC droplet platforms. In addition, various analytes detected by LCs are presented as a proof of the application value, including metal ions, nucleic acids, proteins, glucose, and some toxic chemical substances. Furthermore, a machine-learning-assisted LC sensing platform is realized to provide a foundation for device intelligence and automatization. It is believed that a portable, convenient, and user-friendly LC-based biochemical sensing device will be achieved in the future.

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“…Such a flat geometry is also suitable for detecting gas samples and aqueous samples, showing satisfactory universality. [74,75] However, the LOD of this geometry is limited by its low specific surface area, making it incapable of detecting trace quantities of ions. In addition, due to the rigidity of the LC cell, it is unfeasible for the flat geometry to realize the in vivo detection and flexible devices.…”

Section: Geometriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Applications of Liquid Crystal Biophotonic Sensors for Ion Detection

2022

Advanced Photonics Research

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Liquid crystals (LCs) are nanophotonic materials which can interact with light in the molecular scale. While the LCs are widely used in various displays, last decade has witnessed emerging applications of the LCs for nondisplays. Based on the unique stimuli–responsive property and optical property, the applications of the LCs in the field of sensors are widely explored. In addition, ions are widely distributed in nature and bionts, playing critical roles in many physiological activities and ecological cycles. Appropriate amount of ions is beneficial to the human body, while the excess ions can cause irreversible damages. As a result, a variety of LC sensors are proposed to detect the ion concentration in both body fluids and water samples. This article reviews the design principles, applications, and existing problems of the LC ion sensors. The geometries, alignments, and optical signals of the sensors, which can guide the design of the devices, are first discussed. Afterward, two types of LC ion sensors aiming at detecting metal ions and nonmetallic ions, respectively, are illustrated. Finally, the current challenges and potential development directions of the LC ion sensors are introduced briefly.

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Ultrasensitive and Selective Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Using Thermotropic Liquid Crystals and Image-Based Machine Learning

Cited by 55 publications

References 47 publications

Electroactive Polymer-Based Composites for Artificial Muscle-like Actuators: A Review

Electroactive Polymer-Based Composites for Artificial Muscle-like Actuators: A Review

State-of-the-Art Development in Liquid Crystal Biochemical Sensors

Design and Applications of Liquid Crystal Biophotonic Sensors for Ion Detection

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