Ultraminiature and Flexible Sensor Based on Interior Corner Flow for Direct Pressure Sensing in Biofluids

Tang, Longjun; Hong, Wen; Wang, Xiaolin; Sun, Wenxi; Meng, Wei; Pan, Jingwei; Liu, Jingquan

doi:10.1002/smll.201900950

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Continuous monitoring of variations in blood flow could be used to assess the status of vascular beds for various clinical scenarios, which is critical to patient recovery after reconstructive surgeries such as vessel anastomosis. [219] Therefore, there is an urgent need to fabricate flexible sensors that are capable of precisely and continuously monitoring blood flow in vivo. Boutry et al reported a pressure sensor that can wirelessly monitor arterial blood flow.…”

Section: Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Pressure Sensors for Biomedical Applications: From Ex Vivo to In Vivo

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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As an important branch of flexible electronics, flexible pressure sensors that combine unique advantages including light weight, flexibility, and low‐cost, have drawn extensive attention owing to their great potential for biomedical applications. In this review, the current state‐of‐the‐art flexible pressure sensors concerning common substrate and active materials, sensing mechanism, key parameters, sensitivity optimization strategies, and promising biomedical applications from ex vivo to in vivo and which results in the distinct requirements of materials and structure design is briefly reviewed. Finally, perspectives on the potential challenges of flexible pressure sensors are provided.

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Section: Blood Flowmentioning

confidence: 99%

Flexible Pressure Sensors for Biomedical Applications: From Ex Vivo to In Vivo

Zheng

Chen

et al. 2020

Adv Materials Inter

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“…In order to simplify the structure, membraneless pressure methods have also been proposed [ 30 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. According to the measuring position, these methods can be generally classified into two categories.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The first category is direct measurement inside the microchannel, for example, the pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) method using luminescence emitted from air pressure-sensitive molecules [ 30 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 ] and the deformable elastic microballoon method [ 51 ], both of which are optical. The second category is based on a sealed side channel connected to the microchannel at the location where the pressure is to be measured, for example, the flexible liquid metal electrodes-based capacitive method [ 52 ] and trapped air compression methods [ 30 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 ]. Srivastava and Burns [ 54 ] developed an easy method for measuring the pressure of liquid and air by monitoring the movement of a liquid–air interface as it compresses air trapped inside a one-end-sealed side channel connected with a chamber.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the advancements, pressure measurements on microscales are still going to be challenging and open-ended topics in the near future [ 56 , 57 , 58 , 59 , 60 ]. For practical purposes, a universal pressure sensor should be straightforward and repeatable, which means that the sensor can be integrated in one existing microfluidic chip with minimal alterations and can be reused for other chips without recalibration and more microfabrication.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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An Easy Method for Pressure Measurement in Microchannels Using Trapped Air Compression in a One-End-Sealed Capillary

Shen

et al. 2020

Micromachines

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Pressure is one basic parameter involved in microfluidic systems. In this study, we developed an easy capillary-based method for measuring fluid pressure at one or multiple locations in a microchannel. The principal component is a commonly used capillary (inner diameter of 400 μm and 95 mm in length), with one end sealed and calibrated scales on it. By reading the height (h) of an air-liquid interface, the pressure can be measured directly from a table, which is calculated using the ideal gas law. Many factors that affect the relationship between the trapped air volume and applied pressure (papplied) have been investigated in detail, including the surface tension, liquid gravity, air solubility in water, temperature variation, and capillary diameters. Based on the evaluation of the experimental and simulation results of the pressure, combined with theoretical analysis, a resolution of about 1 kPa within a full-scale range of 101.6–178 kPa was obtained. A pressure drop (Δp) as low as 0.25 kPa was obtained in an operating range from 0.5 kPa to 12 kPa. Compared with other novel, microstructure-based methods, this method does not require microfabrication and additional equipment. Finally, we use this method to reasonably analyze the nonlinearity of the flow–pressure drop relationship caused by channel deformation. In the future, this one-end-sealed capillary could be used for pressure measurement as easily as a clinical thermometer in various microfluidic applications.

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“…DOI: 10.1002/admt.202101126 materials, flexible electronics are generally classified into organic flexible electronics and inorganic flexible electronics, [20][21] that the former are enabled by employing intrinsically stretchable electronic materials, [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] while the latter depend on the use of hard inorganic electronic components and special structural designs (like inorganic serpentine interconnections and island-bridge structure) or liquid metal interconnections to obtain stretchability. [30][31][32][33][34][35][36] For inorganic flexible electronics, encapsulation serves as an essential fabrication step to keep the device's function stable and enhance biosafety. [37][38][39][40] Conventionally, direct casting encapsulation is generally used including pouring a liquid elastomeric encapsulation material onto the device and then directly curing it.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fluid Microchannel Encapsulation to Improve the Stretchability of Flexible Electronics

Jin

Wang

Pang

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Technologies

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Recently, stretchable inorganic electronic devices are rapidly developed, comprising emerging design strategies and fabrication techniques for assembling high‐performance electronic components in slight, soft, and flexible forms, with broad medical and industrial applications. Although reliable encapsulation plays an indispensable role in offering physical and chemical protection for flexible devices, there are relatively few studies on flexible encapsulation, and conventional encapsulation methods still suffer from low stretchability. Herein, a generic fluid microchannel encapsulation method is proposed, in which the device interconnects are wrapped by ultraminiaturized fluid microchannels, enabling free bucking during deformation to tremendously improve the device stretchability. Experimental analysis and finite element analysis demonstrate the substantial stretchability enhancement for the proposed method in contrast to the conventional method, which can increase by ≈100% for general 2D serpentine interconnects and ≈360% for fractal 2D serpentine interconnects. Additionally, a highly stretchable LED device serves as an example to demonstrate the utility of the proposed method for maintaining such an enormous stretchability improvement at the device level.

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Ultraminiature and Flexible Sensor Based on Interior Corner Flow for Direct Pressure Sensing in Biofluids

Cited by 11 publications

References 51 publications

Flexible Pressure Sensors for Biomedical Applications: From Ex Vivo to In Vivo

Flexible Pressure Sensors for Biomedical Applications: From Ex Vivo to In Vivo

An Easy Method for Pressure Measurement in Microchannels Using Trapped Air Compression in a One-End-Sealed Capillary

Fluid Microchannel Encapsulation to Improve the Stretchability of Flexible Electronics

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