Ultrafine Pt‐Based Nanowires for Advanced Catalysis

Abstract

At the frontier of electrocatalysis and heterogeneous reactions, significant effort has been devoted to Pt-based nanomaterials owing to their advantages of tunable morphology and excellent catalytic properties. In contrast to Ptbased nanocatalysts with other morphologies, nanowire catalysts, especially 1D ultrafine nanowire (NW) structure, are garnering increased attention because of their advantages of high atomic efficiency, intrinsic isotropy, rich high-index facets, better conductivity, robust structure stability for prohibiting dissolution, ripening, and aggregation. Regardless of these advantages, it is still challenging to realize the precise control of ultrafine Pt-based NWs in terms of their size, crystal phase structure, and composition. Aiming to synthesize advanced ultrafine Pt-based NWs catalysts with higher activity, durability, and selectivity toward catalytic reactions, this review summarizes the recently available approaches for improving the catalytic performance of ultrafine Pt-based NWs with detailed guidance. A summary of recent progress in ultrafine Pt-based NWs catalysts for advanced catalysis and heterogeneous reactions is also provided. Furthermore, integrated experimental and theoretical studies are reviewed to explain the activity, stability, and selectivity enhancement mechanism. In the final section, the challenges and outlook are also discussed to provide guidance for the rational engineering of efficient ultrafine Pt-based NWs catalysts for applications in renewable-energy-related devices.

Recent Progress of Ultrathin 2D Pd‐Based Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis

“…The ever‐growing energy demand in modern society and increasing fossil fuel consumption have compelled researchers to explore and develop ecofriendly and renewable energy sources to substitute nonrenewable fossil fuels. [ 1–4 ] Because of their remarkable advantages, namely, high energy conversion efficiency, high energy density, and environmental friendliness, fuel cells, which directly convert chemical energy into electric energy, are regarded as promising energy conversion technology that could overcome a future energy crisis. [ 5–8 ] The core of fuel cells relies on two types of significant electrochemical processes, namely, the fuel oxidation reaction (FOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which are typically catalyzed by Pt and Pt alloys.…”

Low‐Dimensional Metallic Nanomaterials for Advanced Electrocatalysis

“…Catalysts with unique morphology could expose rich surface-active sites that are available for reactants or intermediates, which is conducive to enhancing electrocatalytic performance. [48][49][50][51][52][53] In addition, a unique morphology could endow the catalysts with significantly enhanced mechanical stability, facilitated electron transfer, and mass transport. Inspired by these, many interesting strategies have been proposed for realizing the morphology design of LDMNs, and the organic Figure 2.…”

“…Alloying is extensively regarded as an effective strategy for promoting and optimizing the electrocatalytic performance of catalysts, and has been proven to be highly electroactive to diversified electrocatalytic reactions, including fuel cell-related reactions, HER, OER, CO 2 RR, and NRR. [51][52][53] The main principle of alloying is the modulation of the electronic structure of the surface or near surface atoms of the catalysts, as different metal atoms can have different atomic arrangements, leading Reproduced with permission. [88] Copyright 2016, American Association for the Advancement of Science.…”

The use of amino-based functional molecules for the controllable synthesis of noble-metal nanocrystals: a minireview

“…Compared with 0D nanoparticles, 1D nanostructures, especially ultrane nanowires with highly anisotropic structures, possess unique structural advantages, including plentiful active sites and boosted electron and mass transport. [108][109][110] Some studies have signied that 1D nanowires of Pt, Au, Ru, Ir, Rh, and Pd catalyst have better electrocatalytic activity and durability properties than 0D nanoparticles. 92,108,109 Although 1D nanowires have these advantages, their extensive practical application is restricted by issues relating to synthetic methods.…”

“…Renewable-energy conversion/storage devices, such as fuel cells, [5][6][7][8][9][10] water electrolysis devices, [11][12][13][14][15] and rechargeable metal-air batteries, [16][17][18][19][20] have attracted widespread attention due to their environmental friendliness, low carbon emissions, and good device safety. Currently, noble-metal-based materials, such as Pt-, Pd-, Ru-, and Ir-based catalysts, are common catalysts for energy-related catalytic reactions, [21][22][23][24] including the alcohol oxidation reaction, formic acid oxidation reaction (FAOR), oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), oxygen evolution reaction (OER), hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR). However, the scarcities and high prices of noble metals have limited their further commercial application.…”