Recent Progress of Ultrathin 2D Pd‐Based Nanomaterials for Fuel Cell Electrocatalysis

Abstract

Pd‐ and Pd‐based catalysts have emerged as potential alternatives to Pt‐ and Pt‐based catalysts for numerous electrocatalytic reactions, particularly fuel cell‐related reactions, including the anodic fuel oxidation reaction (FOR) and cathodic oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). The creation of Pd‐ and Pd‐based architectures with large surface areas, numerous low‐coordinated atoms, and high density of defects and edges is the most promising strategy for improving the electrocatalytic performance of fuel cells. Recently, 2D Pd‐based nanomaterials with single or few atom thickness have attracted increasing interest as potential candidates for both the ORR and FOR, owing to their remarkable advantages, including high intrinsic activity, high electron mobility, and straightforward surface functionalization. In this review, the recent advances in 2D Pd‐based nanomaterials for the FOR and ORR are summarized. A fundamental understanding of the FOR and ORR is elaborated. Subsequently, the advantages and latest advances in 2D Pd‐based nanomaterials for the FOR and ORR are scientifically and systematically summarized. A systematic discussion of the synthesis methods is also included which should guide researchers toward more efficient 2D Pd‐based electrocatalysts. Lastly, the future outlook and trends in the development of 2D Pd‐based nanomaterials toward fuel cell development are also presented.

Bimetallic Nanocrystals: Structure, Controllable Synthesis and Applications in Catalysis, Energy and Sensing

“…PtPd and PtRu catalysts with different shapes and structure have been proved to be effective catalysts for MOR, because Pd and Ru can change the electronic structure of Pt [ 15 , 39 , 155 , 156 ]. In addition, PdPt nanocrystals also exhibited facet and composition-dependent catalytic activity for MOR.…”

Effect of Alkyl Structures on the Anti‐stacking and Anchoring of Pd/Diamine‐Functionalized Graphene Nanoparticles in Application in Suzuki Reaction

“…[ 4‐6 ] Graphene oxide (GO), which is obtained by deep oxidation of graphite and subsequent exfoliation of the resulting graphite oxide, may contain different functional groups, mainly epoxides, hydroxyls, and a little amount of carboxylic acids, and has been shown to be actually amphiphilic with hydrophilic edges and hydrophobic basic planes. [ 7 ] In addition, GO is easy to be reduced (rGO) with chemical agents such as hydrogen, metal ion borohydride, and hydrazine agents. Due to the characteristics of GO, it is often regarded as an effective platform for obtaining functionalized or modified graphene based materials.…”

“…Due to the characteristics of GO, it is often regarded as an effective platform for obtaining functionalized or modified graphene based materials. [ 7‐10 ]…”

“…In recent years, diamine‐based chemicals have been reported to be good materials for graphene functionalization. [ 7‐9 ] Various diamines were successfully grafted onto graphene sheets. The multiple amine groups of a crosslinker can react with epoxy groups within one GO sheet or between two GO sheets.…”

High‐Index Faceted PdPtCu Ultrathin Nanorings Enable Highly Active and Stable Oxygen Reduction Electrocatalysis

“…Among various Pd(Pt)‐M structures, 2D nanosheets with ultrathin features stand out due to their unique physicochemical properties, including high atomic utilization, active surface area and fast electron transfer, etc. [ 37–39 ]…”