Ultrafast transformation of PbI<sub>2</sub> in two-step fabrication of halide perovskite films for long-term performance and stability <i>via</i> nanosecond laser shock annealing

Yang, Huanrui; Song, Chun‐Peng; Xia, Tiancheng; Li, Shifeng; Sun, Dingyue; Liu, Feng; Cheng, Guanjun

doi:10.1039/d1tc02475b

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Lasers can provide a great strategy for modulating the crystallinity and electrical properties of films due to their high energy and excellent monochromatic characteristics, and are widely used in the fabrication of perovskite layers, such as the electron transport layer TiO 2 , the hole transport layer NiO, and the electrodes [73,[91][92][93]. Lasers also perform well in the promotion of crystallization of the functional layers [23,[94][95][96][97][98][99]. Compared to the pulsed light annealing discussed above, the laser had a remarkable ability to promote crystallization, and the efficiency of the device exceeded 20% [23].…”

Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The energy received by the film per unit time was related to the out-of-focus distance of the laser and the scanning speed, which would affect the properties of the crystal. The band gap narrowed under laser annealing and the PL peak was red-shifted [98]. In the laser approach, there is an inverse relationship between the scan speed and energy density.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The study also found that the conductivity of the perovskite surface would convert from P-type to N-type as the scan speed changed from high to low, which might be due to an increase in the conversion of perovskite. The laser annealing had a significant effect on stresses in thin film growth, where it can reduce tensile stresses during growth [96,98]. Regular thermal treatments will generate high tensile stresses within the film [100,101], causing perovskite to decompose, and promoting the formation of numerous defects, which adversely affected the carrier transport of defect trapping.…”

Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Crystals

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Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are a promising and fast-growing type of photovoltaic cell due to their low cost and high conversion efficiency. The high efficiency of PSCs is closely related to the quality of the photosensitive layer, and the high-quality light absorbing layer depends on the growth condition of the crystals. In the formation of high-quality crystals, annealing is an indispensable and crucial part, which serves to evaporate the solvent and drive the crystallization of the film. Various annealing methods have different effects on the promotion of the film growth process owing to the way they work. Here, this review will present a discussion of the growth puzzles and quality of perovskite crystals under different driving forces, and then explain the relationship between the annealing driving force and crystal growth. We divided the main current annealing methods into physical and chemical annealing, which has never been summarized before. The main annealing methods currently reported for crystal growth are summarized to visualize the impact of annealing design strategies on photovoltaic performance, while the growth mechanisms of thin films under multiple annealing methods are also discussed. Finally, we suggest future perspectives and trends in the industrial fabrication of PSCs in the future. The review promises industrial manufacturing of annealed PSCs. The review is expected to facilitate the industrial fabrication of PSCs.

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Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Electromagnetic Wave Annealingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Wang

Liu

et al. 2022

Crystals

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“…Typically, the activation energy for the I − migration is determined to be approximately 0.2 eV 56,59 . In addition, photoinduced ion migration may also give rise to a notorious phenomenon: phase segregation, which seriously reduces the stability of the mixed-halide perovskite structures and devices 60 . Fortunately, the phase segregation can be reversed by light illumination with sufficient high intensity 34 .…”

Section: Photoinduced Ion Migrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges

Tan¹,

Sun²,

Li³

et al. 2022

OES

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The past two decades have seen a drastic progress in the development of semiconducting metal-halide perovskites (MHPs) from both the fundamentally scientific and technological points of view. The excellent optoelectronic properties and device performance make perovskites very attractive to the researchers in materials, physics, chemistry and so on. To fully explore the potential of perovskites in the applications, various techniques have been demonstrated to synthesize perovskites, modify their structures, and create patterns and devices. Among them, photo-processing has been revealed to be a facile and general technique to achieve these aims. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of photoprocessing of perovskites and summarize the recent progress in the photo-processing of perovskites for synthesis, patterning, ion exchange, phase transition, assembly, and ion migration and redistribution. The applications of photo-processed perovskites in photovoltaic devices, lasers, photodetectors, light-emitting diodes (LEDs), and optical data storage and encryption are also discussed. Finally, we provide an outlook on photo-processing of perovskites and propose the promising directions for future researches. This review is of significance to the researches and applications of perovskites and also to uncover new views on the light-matter interactions.

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“…Organic photovoltaics (OPVs), which convert solar energy into electric energy, have broad application prospects due to low cost, good flexibility, and ease of large-area preparation. − Benefiting from the development of conjugated molecules and optimization of active layer morphology, − the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of state-of-art single-junction OPVs has exceeded 19% for bulk heterojunction (BHJ) structures . However, the performance of OPVs still falls behind that of perovskite- or silicon-based solar cells. − Therefore, further improving PCE is the primary aim of OPV research.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances of Solid Additives Used in Organic Solar Cells: Toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

Liang

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are considered to be the most promising generation of green energy technology due to their outstanding device performance and simple processing technology. The morphology of the active layer of OPVs is the key to its device performance and stability. So for, various strategies have been proposed to optimize the morphology, such as thermal annealing, solvent annealing, adding solvent additives and so on. However, the posting annealing is not compatible with large-area printing. In addition, solvent additives are easy to remain in active layer, which continuously deteriorate the morphology and performance of OPVs. Recently, the addition of solid additives has drawn significant attentions due to its unique characteristics, including improved device stability, precise morphology control as well as easy accessibility. Hence, it gradually becomes a universal and popular strategy for optimizing the morphology of OPVs with high power conversion efficiency (PCE). However, the relationship between properties of solid additives and morphologies of active layers is still ambiguous, which inhibit the further development of solid additive and its application in new emerging OPVs systems. To this end, we summarized the recently reported solid additives according to their volatility, i.e., whether solid additives remain in final active layer or not. Furthermore, the different mechanisms that solid additives optimize the morphology of active layer are intensively discussed, including the free volume and diffusivity, intermolecular adsorption energy, interaction among donor and acceptor, and crystal nucleation and growth, which may give predictions for selecting proper solid additives in new emerging blends. Finally, the challenges and future development of solid additives in OPVs are briefly prospected.

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Ultrafast transformation of PbI₂ in two-step fabrication of halide perovskite films for long-term performance and stability via nanosecond laser shock annealing

Abstract: Nanosecond laser shock annealing is used to induce ultrafast organic salt diffusion into the PbI2 layer to modulate the crystalline structure, residual tensile strain, and electron transport kinetics of perovskite films.

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges

Recent Advances of Solid Additives Used in Organic Solar Cells: Toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

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Ultrafast transformation of PbI2 in two-step fabrication of halide perovskite films for long-term performance and stability via nanosecond laser shock annealing

Abstract: Nanosecond laser shock annealing is used to induce ultrafast organic salt diffusion into the PbI2 layer to modulate the crystalline structure, residual tensile strain, and electron transport kinetics of perovskite films.

Cited by 10 publications

References 54 publications

Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Annealing Engineering in the Growth of Perovskite Grains

Photo-processing of perovskites: current research status and challenges

Recent Advances of Solid Additives Used in Organic Solar Cells: Toward Efficient and Stable Solar Cells

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Product

Resources

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Ultrafast transformation of PbI₂ in two-step fabrication of halide perovskite films for long-term performance and stability via nanosecond laser shock annealing