Material composition engineering and device fabrication of perovskite nanocrystals (PNCs) in solution can introduce organic contamination and entail several synthetic, processing, and stabilization steps. We report three-dimensional (3D) direct lithography of PNCs with tunable composition and bandgap in glass. The halide ion distribution was controlled at the nanoscale with ultrafast laser–induced liquid nanophase separation. The PNCs exhibit notable stability against ultraviolet irradiation, organic solution, and high temperatures (up to 250°C). Printed 3D structures in glass were used for optical storage, micro–light emitting diodes, and holographic displays. The proposed mechanisms of both PNC formation and composition tunability were verified.
All‐inorganic perovskite quantum dots (QDs) have attracted enormous attention owing to their outstanding linear and nonlinear optical properties along with various promising photonic applications. Herein, 3D direct writing of CsPbI3 QDs in glass by engineering the ultrafast laser‐induced thermal effect is reported. Erasing and re‐writing along with multilayer writing are also demonstrated. The CsPbI3 QDs exhibit efficient deep‐red photoluminescence (PL) with internal quantum efficiency of 23%. The CsPbI3 QDs show strong two‐photon excited PL and optical limiting response to ultrafast laser pulses. The two‐photon absorption (TPA) coefficient is determined to be 9.76 × 10–11 cm W−1. Furthermore, the technique of photoinduced thermal engineering writing shows generality to pattern CsPbBr3 and CsPbCl3 QDs in glass and is also demonstrated to achieve perovskite line structures with a width of 800 nm beyond the diffraction limit. CsPbI3 QDs in glass have excellent stability under room conditions and ultraviolet light irradiation. The present technique of photoinduced thermal engineering offers a new prospect to directly construct CsPbI3 QDs in the glass. The attractive linear and nonlinear optical response of CsPbI3 QDs implies a plethora of potential applications in high‐resolution imaging, optical storage, and optoelectronic devices.
A tunable coffee-ring effect (CRE) that enables the patterned deposition of nanoparticles (NPs) is obtained on a designed superhydrophilic and superhydrophobic composite surface of a titanium substrate. Low-adhesion superhydrophobic surfaces with picosecond laser-induced periodic surface structure and micro-nano hierarchical structure are investigated. The NPs are not only deposited in a small area of 0.045 mm, which is 265.56 times smaller than that of the original hydrophilic surface, but also in various patterns such as triangular, rectangular, and ecliptical besides the traditional circular shape. This controllable morphology of the CRE indicates a maneuvering capability of NPs in their common preservation form of suspension turbid liquid, even when the solution concentration reaches 1 mg/mL, which is promising for NP-printed circuit boards and site-specific delivery drugs.
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