Ultra sensitive method for the determination of 9-(2-phosphonylmethoxyethyl)adenine in human serum by liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry

HPLC method for determination of in vitro delivery through and into porcine skin of adefovir (PMEA)

“…Several chromatographic methods have been used for the determination of PMEA in biological samples including UV detection [9][10][11], fluorescence detection of derivatized PMEA [12][13][14], radiochromatography [15], and highly sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry methods [16,17]. None of them, however, focused on the skin as the biological matrix.…”

Development and validation of a sensitive LC–MS/MS method for the determination of adefovir in human serum and urine

“…The pretreatment of samples was fairly tedious and time-consuming, and the method was not sensitive enough to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of PMEA following the approved oral dose of ADV (10 mg once daily). Zhao et al [7] and Liu et al [8] developed a sensitive LC-MS/MS method for the determination of PMEA in human plasma and serum, with the internal standard (I.S.) 9[(R)-2-(phosphonomethoxy)propyl]adenine (PMPA) and [ 13 C]PMEA, respectively.…”

Hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry for the determination of adefovir in human plasma and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

“…In the literature [9] a solid phase extraction (SPE) was applied to purify and enrich adefovir from human plasma, which would be expensive and not suitable for sample preparation in large numbers. Therefore, a procedure of protein precipitation combined with interference elimination using dichloromethane extraction and concentration by evaporation was chosen as the sample preparation method, which provided the same purification and concentration effect as SPE.…”

“…Furthermore, low column back pressure originated from the use of high organic content mobile phase in the HILIC method makes it possible for the implementation of high flow rate, which can significantly shorten the analysis time. A chromatographic run time as short as 3.0 min per sample was about half of those reported in the literatures (6-8 min) [9][10][11][12]. In this study, a 1.7 m un-derivatized ethylene bridged hybrid (BEH) particle was employed under HILIC condition.…”

“…The pretreatment of samples was tedious and time-consuming, and those methods were not sensitive enough for evaluating the pharmacokinetics of adefovir dipivoxil with LLOQ higher than 10 ng/mL. Several sensitive highperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) methods [9][10][11][12] have been developed using electrospray ionization (ESI) for the measurement of adefovir in human plasma or serum. Although those methods were sensitive for the pharmacokinetic study of adefovir, long analysis time (longer than 8 min) precluded their use in therapeutic drug monitoring.…”