Type C botulism outbreak in feedlot cattle fed contaminated corn silage

Guizelini, Carolina C.; Lemos, Ricardo A.A.; Paula, Juliana L.P. de; Pupin, Rayane C.; Gomes, Danilo Carloto; Barros, Cláudio S.L.; Neves, Danielle Ahad das; Alcântara, Lilian O.B.; Silva, Rodrigo; Lobato, Francisco Carlos Faria; Martins, Tessie Beck

doi:10.1016/j.anaerobe.2018.11.003

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 13 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature litter (Riet-Correa et al 2003). In a feedlot of 1,700 cattle Mato Grosso do Sul, 1,090 steers died within four days (Guizelini et al 2019). Clinical signs of botulism may appear 1-17 days after ingestion of contaminated food (Barros et al 2006a, Constable et al 2017.…”

Section: Results and Adiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment for botulism in cattle is controversial, but some limited results have been obtained with hyperimmune serum (Guizelini et al 2019). As an alternative, supportive treatment should be performed (Barros et al 2006a).…”

Section: Results and Adiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The infectious agent needs to establish it in the host and overcome its immune defenses so it can grow, multiply and elaborate the toxins (Rood 2016). The exception is botulism, which is usually a true toxemia, being caused by the ingestion of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) preformed in food (Guizelini et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clostridial diseases are important causes of livestock losses in the southern Rio Grande do Sul. Since 1978 annual surveys conducted at the “Laboratório Regional de Diagnóstico” of the “Universidade Federal de Pelotas” (LRD-UFPel) have shown that clostridial diseases represent 10.40% of the bacterial diseases diagnosed in cattle and 1.65% of all diseases diagnosis in cattle over a 40-year period. The purpose of this study is to review the clinical, epidemiological and pathological aspects of the clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from January 1978 to December 2018 at the LRD-UFPel in the hopes that it will constitute a useful guide for field veterinary practitioners and interested farmers. We assessed and review the necropsy protocols of 6,736 cattle; these necropsies were performed either by LRD-UFPel faculty or by field veterinary practitioners; 111 outbreaks (1.65%) were diagnosed as clostridial disease, distributed as follows: 35 outbreaks of tetanus, 34 of blackleg, 23 of bacillary hemoglobinuria, 11 of malignant edema (gas gangrene), and eight of botulism. Approximately 904, from a total of 42,480 cattle at risk, died in these outbreaks.

show abstract

Section: Results and Adiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Results and Adiscussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Most of the cattle outbreaks reported in the literature are dairy cattle [8,[10][11][12]14,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. This outbreak emphasizes that beef cattle can also be affected by botulism, even in small farms and not only in feedlots [26,27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case Report of a Botulism Outbreak in Beef Cattle Due to the Contamination of Wheat by a Roaming Cat Carcass: From the Suspicion to the Management of the Outbreak

Maréchal¹,

Hulin²,

Macé³

et al. 2019

Animals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We report a botulism outbreak in Charolais cattle fed with wheat flour contaminated by Clostridium botulinum type C and the management of the outbreak at each step from the clinical suspicion to the cleaning and disinfection operations. Diagnosis was based on typical suggestive clinical signs and detection of C. botulinum type C using real-time PCR in samples collected from three young affected bulls. All young exposed bulls and cows (18 animals) eventually died, but three young bulls and one cow were recovering when it was decided to euthanize them. C. botulinum type C was detected in the liver of these four animals. Analysis of the ration components demonstrated that wheat flour, wheat, and the mill used to make flour were positive for C. botulinum type C. A dead cat positive for C. botulinum type C was discovered in the silo where wheat grain was stored and was considered the source of contamination. The cat’s entire body was found mummified, well preserved, and not rotting in the silo. Specific measures, in particular, vaccination of the rest of the herd and cleaning and disinfection operations, were implemented to prevent any recurrence of the outbreak. The presence of wild animal carcasses in feed harboring anaerobic conditions like silage, in particular during harvesting, are known to be at risk for the initiation of a botulism outbreak. This outbreak is a reminder that the presence of an animal carcass in feed, regardless of the kind of feed and whenever the contamination occurs, either during harvesting or storage, is sufficient to induce a botulism outbreak.

show abstract

“…Thus, in suspected cases, it is necessary to perform a differential diagnosis for other diseases that demonstrate clinical symptoms of acute neurological or neuromuscular character, such as forage intoxications, encephalopathies, hypocalcemia, listeriosis, polioencephalomalacia and rabies [4,6,9].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Botulism in Cattle Associated with Osteophagy in the State of Acre, Brazil

Nobre

Silva

Costa

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background:Botulism is a non-febrile intoxication resulting from the ingestion of Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins manifested by partial or complete flaccid paralysis of the musculature of locomotion, swallowing and respiration. The objective of this study was to report the first case of botulinum intoxication associated with osteopathy in the state of Acre, as well as to alert breeders and veterinarians to the incidence of this disease in cattle farming. Case: The present report is an outbreak of botulism in the municipality of Acrelândia, in the state of Acre, which resulted in the death of 16 Nelore beef cattle in approximately 30 days. The affected animals were females in reproductive phase maintained under extensive breeding system. The main clinical signs presented were weakness in the pelvic limbs, prostration, recumbency and death in less than 48 h. Only one animal, with similar symptomatology, was found alive and submitted to emergency therapeutic measures, but without success. During the necropsy of this bovine, no significant changes were found, only related to the decubitus and agony time, except for fragments of long bones visualized in the reticulum. Samples of bone particles, ruminal contents, reticulum, rumen and intestine fragments were collected for the detection of botulinum toxins by the mouse bioassay method, as well as brain and brain stem for differential diagnosis of rabies and bovine spongiform encephalopathy by direct immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The samples were sent to the Laboratory of General Bacteriology of the Biological Institute, São Paulo, Brazil, and all the analyzes presented negative results. Discussion: One of the main risk factors for the occurrence of botulinum toxin is the presence of carcasses in the pastures, added to the deficiency of phosphorus and other minerals. The cattle develop the habit of gnawing bones and tissues from dead animals in the field. With this exercise, animals can ingest pre-formed toxins in corpses, as decomposing remains offer an anaerobic environment conducive to spore development and toxin production. Bovine females, in breeding, present greater nutritional need than adult males and younger animals. This is because the reproductive phase increases the demands of minerals, vitamins and organic compounds that participate in the female's reproductive physiological process. In this case, the inadequate supply of minerals may stimulate the osteopagic practice of cadaveric remains in the pastures, making the bovids susceptible to botulism. Diagnosis is established by means of clinical signs, epidemiological characteristics and absence of specific anatomopathological findings. Confirmation is given by the isolation of the toxin in the body of the diseased animal. However, the lack of detection of this does not rule out the possibility of occurrence of the disease, in view of the rapid passage of the neurotoxin through the hematogenous route and through the tissues before reaching the neuromuscular junctions. In suspect c...

show abstract

Type C botulism outbreak in feedlot cattle fed contaminated corn silage

Cited by 17 publications

References 13 publications

Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature

Clostridial diseases diagnosed in cattle from the South of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A forty-year survey (1978-2018) and a brief review of the literature

A Case Report of a Botulism Outbreak in Beef Cattle Due to the Contamination of Wheat by a Roaming Cat Carcass: From the Suspicion to the Management of the Outbreak

Botulism in Cattle Associated with Osteophagy in the State of Acre, Brazil

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About