“…Markers used for quantitative analysis, that is, catechin ( 1 ), epicatechin ( 5 ), afzelechin ( 7 ), epiafzelechin ( 8 ), catechin (4 α → 8) epicatechin ( 2 ), afzelechin (4 α → 8) catechin ( 3 ), afzelechin (4 β → 8) epicatechin ( 4 ), afzelechin (4 α → 8) epiafzelechin ( 6 ) and epiafzelechin (4 β → 8) epicatechin ( 9 ) were isolated by semi‐preparative HPLC (as described below) from the roots of P. fulgens and characterised by 1 H‐NMR, 13 C‐NMR, two‐dimensional NMR techniques and ESI/HRMS (see Figs S16–S36 in the on‐line Supporting information), as well as by comparison with literature data (Hsu et al ., ; Kashiwada et al ., ; Wan and Chan, ; Ali et al ., ; Ushirobira et al ., ; Ragab et al ., ). Isolation and characterisation of euscaphic acid ( 10 ), fulgic acid A ( 11 ), fulgic acid B ( 12 ), ursolic acid ( 13 ) and corosolic acid ( 14 ) has been described previously (Choudhary et al ., ). The ESI/HRMS data were recorded on Maxis™ ultrahigh resolution TOF (Bruker, Bremen, Germany).…”