Two-Dimensional DOA Estimation Using Arbitrary Arrays for Massive MIMO Systems

Abstract

With the quick advancement of wireless communication networks, the need for massive multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) to offer adequate network capacity has turned out to be apparent. As a portion of array signal processing, direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation is of indispensable significance to acquire directional data of sources and to empower the 3D beamforming. In this paper, the performance of DOA estimation for massive MIMO systems is analyzed and compared using a low-complexity algorithm. To be exact, the 2D Fourier domain line search (FDLS) MUSIC algorithm is studied to mutually estimate elevation and azimuth angle, and arbitrary array geometry is utilized to represent massive MIMO systems. To avoid the computational burden in estimating the data covariance matrix and its eigenvalue decomposition (EVD) due to the large-scale sensors involved in massive MIMO systems, the reduced-dimension data matrix is applied on the signals received by the array. The performance is examined and contrasted with the 2D MUSIC algorithm for different types of antenna configuration. Finally, the array resolution is selected to investigate the performance of elevation and azimuth estimation. The effectiveness and advantage of the proposed technique have been proven by detailed simulations for different types of MIMO array configuration.

Efficient Joint Estimation of DOA, Range and Reflectivity in Near-Field by Using Mixed-Order Statistics and a Symmetric MIMO Array

“…APPENDIX A Proof of (20) and (21) and their estimation: According to (7) and starting from (18), we can obtain (54). Due to the independence of reflectivity coefficients from each other as well as noise, (54) can be simplified as (55).…”

“…To improve the accuracy of DOA estimation, they proposed a temporal-spatial virtual array based on the Doppler shift of a moving target. Lonkeng et al [18] considered an arbitrary array geometry for the MIMO system. They studied the two-dimensional (2D) Fourier domain line search MUSIC algorithm to mutually estimate azimuth and elevation angles.…”

“…However, the denoising problem cannot be solved efficiently and requires additional steps; because it needs to be formulated first as a dual optimization problem and then transformed into a semidefinite problem. All studies [16][17][18][19][20][21] make a far-field (FF) assumption and focus only on estimating the DOA parameter. Under this assumption, one or more plane waves impinge on the array.…”

Source Enumeration Approaches Using Eigenvalue Gaps and Machine Learning Based Threshold for Direction-of-Arrival Estimation

“…Zuo et al [17] proposed a subspace-based localization of far-field and near-field signals without eigendecomposition; they assume that the number of far-field and near-field signals are known when they state the problem formulation. Lonkeng and Zhuang [18] and Nie et al [19] proposed a low-complexity and fast two-dimensional DOA estimation, where they are assuming the a priori knowledge of the number of signals. Yan et al [20] proposed a reduced-complexity algorithm for DOA estimation exploiting only the real part of the covariance matrix of the array and showed that it can lead to a real-valued version of the MUSIC algorithm with no dependence on array configurations, while their basic assumptions include that the number of sources is known.…”

Hardware Implementation and RF High-Fidelity Modeling and Simulation of Compressive Sensing Based 2D Angle-of-Arrival Measurement System for 2–18 GHz Radar Electronic Support Measures

“…Some examples of such developments were given in [ 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 ]. Lonkeng et al [ 24 ] presented the research work on 2D DF estimation using arbitrary arrays in MIMO systems and introduced the 2D Fourier domain line search MUSIC algorithm. Recently, based on information geometry (IG), Dong et al [ 25 ] introduced a simple scaling transform-based information geometry method, which had more consistent performance than the original IG method with higher AoA estimation resolution.…”