Two decades of change in vegetation in Adirondack spruce-fir, northern hardwood and pine-dominated forests<sup>1</sup>

Bedison, James E.; Johnson, Arthur H.; Willig, Sarah Andersen; Richter, Suzanna L.; Moyer, Amanda J.

doi:10.3159/1095-5674(2007)134[238:tdociv]2.0.co;2

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…A previous analysis of the recent vegetation dynamics in our study plots (Bedison et al 2007) revealed that the overall growth (i.e., growth of live stems þ ingrowth À mortality) has been stable, if not declining (but in a not statistically significant trend) over our study period (1984-2004) in both northern hardwood and spruce-fir plots. Importantly, we found that variability in these plot-based measures of mortality, ingrowth, or overall growth was not related to the N deposition gradient.…”

Section: Study Area and Plot Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 51%

“…These plots receive proportionally greater contributions of cloud-water and dry forms of N deposition, yet our results were largely unaffected when we supplemented the wet deposition model estimates with measurements of cloud-water and dry forms of N deposition determined by Miller (1993) at Whiteface Mountain, New York. Nevertheless, canopy openings caused by spruce mortality in these high-elevation SF sites (Bedison et al 2007) could have also spurred accelerated balsam fir growth. Due to the preponderance of species that had no significant relationship, our results can only provide minimal support for the hypothesis that the growth response would be larger in less shade tolerant and broadleaf deciduous species (Table 1).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The 32 permanent vegetation plots used in this investigation (Andersen 1988, Bedison et al 2007) are located within the 2.5 million hectare Adirondack Park, New York and represent northern hardwood and subalpine spruce-fir forests of the region (Fig. 1).…”

Section: Study Area and Plot Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Bedison

McNeil

2009

Ecology

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Abstract. The extent to which atmospheric N deposition is enhancing primary production and CO 2 sequestration along the ambient N deposition gradients found within many regional temperate forest ecosystems remains unknown. We used tree diameter measurements from 1984 and 2004, allometric equations, and estimates of wet N deposition from 32 permanent plots located along an ambient N deposition gradient in the Adirondack Park, New York, USA, to determine the effects of N deposition on the basal area and woody biomass increments (BAI and WBI, respectively) of individual stems from all the major tree species. Nitrogen deposition had either a neutral or positive effect on BAI and WBI, with the positive effects especially apparent within the smaller size classes of several species. The nature of these growth responses suggests that other co-varying factors (e.g., temperature, tropospheric ozone, soil acidification) may be partially counteracting the species-dependent fertilization effect of N deposition that was suggested by recent foliar N data across this gradient. Nevertheless, in documenting a fertilization effect from chronic, low-level, ambient rates of N deposition, this study underscores the need for more research on how N deposition is affecting rates of primary production, CO 2 sequestration, and even vegetation dynamics in many forests worldwide.

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Section: Study Area and Plot Descriptionsmentioning

confidence: 51%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Bedison

McNeil

2009

Ecology

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“…Runkle (2000) found tree diameter growth rates of about 2.5-3.5 mm/yr for the southern Appalachians, 3.0-4.5 mm/yr for Hueston Woods (a subset of the data used in the present paper), and 2.5-3.5 mm/yr for the Tionesta sites in northwest Pennsylvania. Sites from further north find smaller values, e.g., 1.7 mm/yr for sugar maple and 1.3 mm/yr for beech in the Adirondacks of New York (Bedison et al 2007). My results indicate that tree diameter growth does not change greatly with tree size.…”

Section: Growth and Mortality Rates Of Canopy Treesmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Busing (2005) found mortality in the southern Appalachians to average 0.7% per year with values of 1.3% for beech and 0.2% for sugar maple. Bedison et al (2007) found the opposite species pattern in the Adirondacks with 1.9% per year mortality for sugar maple and 1.0% per year for beech despite the existence of beech bark disease. In the old second-growth forest of Hubbard Brook, New Hampshire, the mean annual mortality of stems !10 cm dbh was 1.1% with values of 0.88% for sugar maple and 0.93% for beech (Siccama et al 2007).…”

Section: Growth and Mortality Rates Of Canopy Treesmentioning

confidence: 90%

Thirty‐two years of change in an old‐growth Ohio beech–maple forest

Runkle

2013

Ecology

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Old-growth forests dominated by understory-tolerant tree species are among forest types most likely to be in equilibrium. However, documentation of the degree to which they are in equilibrium over decades-long time periods is lacking. Changes in climate, pathogens, and land use all are likely to impact stand characteristics and species composition, even in these forests. Here, 32 years of vegetation changes in an old-growth beech (Fagus grandifolia)-sugar maple (Acer saccharum) forest in Hueston Woods, southwest Ohio, USA, are summarized. These changes involve canopy composition and structure, turnover in snags, and development of vegetation in treefall gaps. Stand basal area and canopy density have changed little in 32 years. However, beech has decreased in canopy importance (49% to 32%) while sugar maple has increased (32% to 47%). Annual mortality was about 1.3% throughout the study period. Mortality rates increased with stem size, but the fraction of larger stems increased due to ingrowth from smaller size classes. Beech was represented by more very large stems than small canopy stems: over time, death of those larger stems with inadequate replacement has caused the decrease in beech importance. Sugar maple was represented by more small canopy stems whose growth has increased its importance. The changes in beech and sugar maple relative importance are hypothesized to be due to forest fragmentation mostly from the early 1800s with some possible additional effects associated with the formation of the state park. Snag densities (12-16 snags/ha) and formation rates (1-3 snags.ha(-1).yr(-1)) remained consistent. The treefall gaps previously studied are closing, with a few, large stems remaining. Death of gap border trees occurs consistently enough to favor species able to combine growth in gaps and survival in the understory.

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Effects of soil calcium and aluminum on the physiology of balsam fir and red spruce saplings in northern New England

Boyce

Schaberg

Hawley

et al. 2013

Trees

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Two decades of change in vegetation in Adirondack spruce-fir, northern hardwood and pine-dominated forests¹

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Thirty‐two years of change in an old‐growth Ohio beech–maple forest

Effects of soil calcium and aluminum on the physiology of balsam fir and red spruce saplings in northern New England

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Two decades of change in vegetation in Adirondack spruce-fir, northern hardwood and pine-dominated forests1

Cited by 12 publications

References 52 publications

Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Is the growth of temperate forest trees enhanced along an ambient nitrogen deposition gradient?

Thirty‐two years of change in an old‐growth Ohio beech–maple forest

Effects of soil calcium and aluminum on the physiology of balsam fir and red spruce saplings in northern New England

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Two decades of change in vegetation in Adirondack spruce-fir, northern hardwood and pine-dominated forests¹