Effects of soil calcium and aluminum on the physiology of balsam fir and red spruce saplings in northern New England

Boyce, Richard L.; Schaberg, Paul G.; Hawley, Gary J.; Halman, Joshua M.; Murakami, Paula F.

doi:10.1007/s00468-013-0913-x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…Although we did not look at patterns of winter injury at these broad spatial scales, it is possible the downward shift in boreal species reflects a favorable response of red spruce to decreased levels of atmospheric deposition. There is also some evidence that balsam fir may have increased growth and recruitment in response to growing space released by declining red spruce (Battles et al ., ; Beckage et al ., ; van Doorn et al ., ), although it is unclear whether fir will persist at the lower elevations historically occupied by spruce (Boyce et al ., ). The fact that upper ecotones are shifting downward fastest on western slopes in the Green Mountains, where decline mortality was highest (Craig & Friedland, ), is consistent with boreal species reclaiming former dominance in this zone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011

Foster

D’Amato

2015

Global Change Biology

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Ecotones are transition zones that form, in forests, where distinct forest types meet across a climatic gradient. In mountains, ecotones are compressed and act as potential harbingers of species shifts that accompany climate change. As the climate warms in New England, USA, high-elevation boreal forests are expected to recede upslope, with northern hardwood species moving up behind. Yet recent empirical studies present conflicting findings on this dynamic, reporting both rapid upward ecotonal shifts and concurrent increases in boreal species within the region. These discrepancies may result from the limited spatial extent of observations. We developed a method to model and map the montane forest ecotone using Landsat imagery to observe change at scales not possible for plot-based studies, covering mountain peaks over 39 000 km(2) . Our results show that ecotones shifted downward or stayed stable on most mountains between 1991 and 2010, but also shifted upward in some cases (13-15% slopes). On average, upper ecotone boundaries moved down -1.5 m yr(-1) in the Green Mountains, VT, and -1.3 m yr(-1) in the White Mountains, NH. These changes agree with remeasured forest inventory data from Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest, NH, and suggest that processes of boreal forest recovery from prior red spruce decline, or human land use and disturbance, may swamp out any signal of climate-mediated migration in this ecosystem. This approach represents a powerful framework for evaluating similar ecotonal dynamics in other mountainous regions of the globe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011

Foster

D’Amato

2015

Global Change Biology

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“…[23], according to the set standard of the 40 code of federal regulation part 503 biosolids rule (Table 1), established by United States Environmental Protection Agency. Class A products are suitable as fertilizer on lawns and gardens [23,24] and recommended for the application to agricultural land as it is assumed to be essentially pathogen-free [25]. In contrast, produced Class B digested sludge can contain an estimated fecal coliform density of over 1,000 cfu/g [26].…”

Section: Classification Of Biosolidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mineralization and mobilization of biosolids phosphorus in soil: A concise review

2019

Jabb

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Biosolids are the product of wastewater or municipal solid waste collected through sewerage treatment; the processes of obtaining the biosolids involve various treatment processes, which include digestion, thermal stabilization, thickening, dewatering, and drying, in order to obtain free pathogen granules. These processes undergone by wastewater in the treatment plant ultimately clean the wastewater and remove the solids which are further treated to an acceptable standard for beneficial soil amendments. The application of biosolids are considered to improve soil organic matter, moisture content, and provided essential nutrients, such as nitrogen and phosphorus in arable land as potential plant nutrients supplements for crop optimum yield. Incubation studies on the biosolids-amended soils have shown significant increases in soil phosphorus content being released as plant available P in the soil, and therefore could be a good source of phosphorus in deficient native phosphorus soil. Field-scale experiments on wheat are grown with sewage sludge have also shown yield production comparable to mineral fertilizer-treated soils. This review is thereby aimed at explaining the concept behind the mineralization and mobilization of biosolids phosphorus in soil. In this review paper, an overview of the method of preparations, origin, and sources, its application in agriculture and the environment, chemical composition, the environmental risk, soil amendments potentials of the biosolid sand regulatory, and global perspective of sewage sludge disposal all are reviewed. From the review, it was concluded that mineralization and mobilization of biosolids phosphorus in soil have beneficial input to both environment and soil nutrient amendment. It is thereby recommended that more research studies should be carried out on the mineralization and mobilization of another essential element, such as nitrogen and biochar although more research should be done with respect to mineralization and mobilization of biosolids phosphorus in soil.

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“…Lower Ca/Al ratios indicate an increase in Al solubility and lower base cation saturation in the soil. However, it is known that tree species characterise different vulnerability to Al stress [Boyce et al 2013;Levia et al 2015], and according to Göransson and Eldhuset [2001], growth limitation of some species may depend on the low content of nutrients.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of forest site types on the exchangeable and water-soluble cations distribution in the soil profiles

Porębska

Ostrowska

2016

Ochrona Srodowiska I Zasobów Naturalnych

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The aim of this research was to assess the impact of forest site types on the ionic composition of the soil sorption complex and soil water extracts in a soil profile. Three forest site types: coniferous forest (CF), coniferous-deciduous forest (CDF), and deciduousconiferous forest (DCF), were selected for the studies. Three dominant soil types were distinguished on the studied plots: Haplic Podzol, Dystric Arenosol, and Dystric Cambisol. Calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K), sodium (Na), and aluminium (Al) in the soil sorption complex and soil water extracts were determined. Ca is a dominant cation in the soil sorption complex in organic horizon, while Al in mineral soil horizons. The differences between forest site types in ionic composition of soil water extracts were observed, mainly in the organic horizon and the horizons below the rooting zone. The vegetation affected the Ca/Al and base cations to Al molar (BC/Al) ratios. The Ca/Al and the BC/Al molar ratios increased in the sequence of sites: CF < CDF < DCF.

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Effects of soil calcium and aluminum on the physiology of balsam fir and red spruce saplings in northern New England

Cited by 6 publications

References 65 publications

Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011

Montane forest ecotones moved downslope in northeastern USA in spite of warming between 1984 and 2011

Mineralization and mobilization of biosolids phosphorus in soil: A concise review

Effect of forest site types on the exchangeable and water-soluble cations distribution in the soil profiles

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